Membrane Transport - AP Biology
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Which process is characterized by the engulfing of liquids?
Which process is characterized by the engulfing of liquids?
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Pinocytosis. Cell drinking process for nutrient uptake.
Pinocytosis. Cell drinking process for nutrient uptake.
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Define isotonic solution in terms of cell environment.
Define isotonic solution in terms of cell environment.
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A solution where solute concentration is equal inside and outside the cell. No net water movement occurs in balanced conditions.
A solution where solute concentration is equal inside and outside the cell. No net water movement occurs in balanced conditions.
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What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
What is the primary function of the cell membrane?
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To regulate the passage of substances into and out of the cell. Controls what enters/exits to maintain cellular homeostasis.
To regulate the passage of substances into and out of the cell. Controls what enters/exits to maintain cellular homeostasis.
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What is the reverse process of endocytosis?
What is the reverse process of endocytosis?
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Exocytosis. Removes cellular waste and secretes products outside.
Exocytosis. Removes cellular waste and secretes products outside.
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State the function of aquaporins in cells.
State the function of aquaporins in cells.
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To facilitate water transport across membranes. Specialized water channels for rapid water movement.
To facilitate water transport across membranes. Specialized water channels for rapid water movement.
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State the function of aquaporins in cells.
State the function of aquaporins in cells.
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To facilitate water transport across membranes. Specialized water channels for rapid water movement.
To facilitate water transport across membranes. Specialized water channels for rapid water movement.
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What is the reverse process of endocytosis?
What is the reverse process of endocytosis?
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Exocytosis. Removes cellular waste and secretes products outside.
Exocytosis. Removes cellular waste and secretes products outside.
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Identify the type of transport that involves vesicles.
Identify the type of transport that involves vesicles.
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Bulk transport. Moves large quantities of materials using membrane vesicles.
Bulk transport. Moves large quantities of materials using membrane vesicles.
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Identify the effect of a hypertonic solution on a cell.
Identify the effect of a hypertonic solution on a cell.
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The cell will lose water and shrink. Higher solute concentration outside causes water loss.
The cell will lose water and shrink. Higher solute concentration outside causes water loss.
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Which type of transport is exemplified by the sodium-glucose transport protein?
Which type of transport is exemplified by the sodium-glucose transport protein?
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Cotransport. Uses sodium gradient to transport glucose simultaneously.
Cotransport. Uses sodium gradient to transport glucose simultaneously.
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Identify the process where cells engulf particles.
Identify the process where cells engulf particles.
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Endocytosis. Bulk transport bringing materials into the cell.
Endocytosis. Bulk transport bringing materials into the cell.
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Name the type of transport that uses protein channels.
Name the type of transport that uses protein channels.
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Facilitated diffusion. Passive transport requiring specific membrane proteins.
Facilitated diffusion. Passive transport requiring specific membrane proteins.
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Which component of the cell membrane is involved in signal transduction?
Which component of the cell membrane is involved in signal transduction?
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Receptor proteins. Detect and respond to external chemical signals.
Receptor proteins. Detect and respond to external chemical signals.
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What effect does temperature have on diffusion rate?
What effect does temperature have on diffusion rate?
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Higher temperature increases diffusion rate. Increased kinetic energy accelerates molecular movement.
Higher temperature increases diffusion rate. Increased kinetic energy accelerates molecular movement.
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What is the role of peripheral proteins in the cell membrane?
What is the role of peripheral proteins in the cell membrane?
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To support cell shape and function in signaling. Attached to membrane surface providing structural support.
To support cell shape and function in signaling. Attached to membrane surface providing structural support.
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Which term describes the cell membrane's selective permeability?
Which term describes the cell membrane's selective permeability?
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Semi-permeable. Allows some substances through while blocking others.
Semi-permeable. Allows some substances through while blocking others.
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Which type of transport is used by glucose to enter cells?
Which type of transport is used by glucose to enter cells?
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Facilitated diffusion. Large polar molecule requires protein assistance to cross.
Facilitated diffusion. Large polar molecule requires protein assistance to cross.
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Which process is characterized by the engulfing of liquids?
Which process is characterized by the engulfing of liquids?
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Pinocytosis. Cell drinking process for nutrient uptake.
Pinocytosis. Cell drinking process for nutrient uptake.
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Which structure in the cell membrane acts as a barrier to ions?
Which structure in the cell membrane acts as a barrier to ions?
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Phospholipid bilayer. Hydrophobic core prevents charged particle passage.
Phospholipid bilayer. Hydrophobic core prevents charged particle passage.
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Identify the role of glycolipids in the cell membrane.
Identify the role of glycolipids in the cell membrane.
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To provide cellular recognition. Sugar chains help identify cell types and functions.
To provide cellular recognition. Sugar chains help identify cell types and functions.
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Identify the molecule that provides energy for active transport.
Identify the molecule that provides energy for active transport.
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ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Energy currency that powers cellular work processes.
ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Energy currency that powers cellular work processes.
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Identify the term for the pressure exerted by water in a solution.
Identify the term for the pressure exerted by water in a solution.
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Osmotic pressure. Force created by water's tendency to move.
Osmotic pressure. Force created by water's tendency to move.
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What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?
What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?
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The cell will gain water and swell. Lower solute concentration outside causes water influx.
The cell will gain water and swell. Lower solute concentration outside causes water influx.
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Identify the type of transport that involves receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Identify the type of transport that involves receptor-mediated endocytosis.
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Specific uptake of molecules. Targets specific molecules using receptor binding.
Specific uptake of molecules. Targets specific molecules using receptor binding.
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What determines the direction of osmosis?
What determines the direction of osmosis?
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The water concentration gradient. Water moves from high to low water concentration.
The water concentration gradient. Water moves from high to low water concentration.
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State the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane.
State the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane.
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To maintain membrane fluidity and stability. Regulates membrane flexibility at different temperatures.
To maintain membrane fluidity and stability. Regulates membrane flexibility at different temperatures.
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Identify the type of transport that requires energy.
Identify the type of transport that requires energy.
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Active transport. Moves substances against gradients using cellular energy.
Active transport. Moves substances against gradients using cellular energy.
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State the term for the movement of molecules from high to low concentration.
State the term for the movement of molecules from high to low concentration.
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Diffusion. Net movement occurs until equilibrium is reached.
Diffusion. Net movement occurs until equilibrium is reached.
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Identify the term for transport that moves two substances in the same direction.
Identify the term for transport that moves two substances in the same direction.
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Symport. Coupled transport utilizing same carrier protein.
Symport. Coupled transport utilizing same carrier protein.
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State the role of glycoproteins in the cell membrane.
State the role of glycoproteins in the cell membrane.
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To facilitate cell-cell recognition and signaling. Carbohydrate-protein complexes enable cellular communication.
To facilitate cell-cell recognition and signaling. Carbohydrate-protein complexes enable cellular communication.
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