Card 0 of 1236
Which of the following has the LARGEST atomic radius
Atomic radius expands down the columns and to the LEFT.
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Which of the following has the smallest atomic radius?
Atomic radius INCREASES DOWN and TO THE LEFT in the periodic table
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Which of the following elements is the most electronegative?
Electronegativity increases across a period (going right) and decreases down a group \[not including noble gases\]. The element closest to the top right is Phosphorous
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Li, V
As, Nb
Ir, Mn
Hg, Au
O, S
Which of the following contains a metal and a non-metal?
Non-metals are on the right side of the periodic table—past the metaloids and metals are on the left
As and Nb are the only combination that is a metal and non-metal
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An electron falling to a lower energy level gives off a blue glow (λ=475nm). How much energy is emitted?
E=hf, or E=hc/λ
h is Planck's constant with a value of 6.62606957 × 10-34 m2 kg / s. Converting 475nm to m gives 4.75x10-7m. c is the speed of light with 3x108m/s. Putting these variables into the second equation you get 4.174x10-19J
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What is the de Broglie wavelength (in meters) of a person walking? Assume a person walks at 4 mph and has a mass of 80 kg.
de Broglie suggested that all matter has both wave-like and particle-like properties. His
equation states that λ= h/mv , where λ is the wavelength, m is mass, h is Planck’s constant,
and v is velocity. 4 mph is 1.8 m s−1 and Planck’s constant is 6.626e-34 kg m2 s−1 , giving
us a wavelength (λ) 4.6e-36 m ! A very small wavelength, indeed.
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Ernest Rutherford's famous gold foil experiment demonstrated which of the following principles?
Rutherfords experiment focused a beam of alpha particles on a piece of gold foil. The result showed that most of the alpha particles passed through the foil, while a small fraction of particles were significantly deflected. This suggested the presence of a small, dense, positively charged nucleus. Most of the alpha particles passed through the electron clouds of the gold atoms, without impacting the nuclei, while those that did impact the nuclei were deflected by the positive charge of the nucleus.
Rutherford's experiment does not give us any concrete information about neutrons, nor does it allow us to assume that the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus are equal.
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What did the Rutherford gold foil experiment show?
In the Rutherford experiment, a beam of alpha particles was shot through a gold foil, with most of the particles flying straight through and a few scattering at angles greater than . These results suggest that most of the volume of foil was "empty" space, with small concentrations of positive charge, which we now know is the nucleus.
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Which scientist conducted an experiment studying the structure of the atom by firing alpha particles at a thin gold foil?
Ernest Rutherford made great advances in current understanding of atomic structure through his gold foil experiment. When firing positively-charged alpha particles at a thin film of gold atoms, most particles were found to pass straight through the film with little to no deflection, indicating that atoms were mostly composed of empty space. A few particles were deflected at large angles, indicating direct collisions with the positively charged nuclei of the atoms.
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Which of the following statements regarding the discovery of the electron are true?
Recall that J.J. Thomson conducted the cathode ray tube experiment that proved the existence of a small negatively charged particle. Thomson was also able to determine the charge-to-mass ratio of an electron. Robert Millikan is the scientist who conducted the oil drop experiment, from which he was able to find the charge of the electron and deduce its mass using the electron's charge-to-mass ratio. Dalton was not involved in the discovery of the electron.
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From Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment, the charge of the electron was observed to be . Which of the following charges could not have been observed from the oil drop experiment?
All the oil drops must have a charge that is a multiple of . If an oil drop is observed to have a charge of
, that means the oil drop has three electrons. If an oil drop is observed to have a charge of
, that means the oil drop has twelve electrons. If an oil drop is observed to have a charge of
, that means the oil drop has two electrons.
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From Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment, the charge of the electron was observed to be . Suppose that one of the oil drops has a charge of
. How many electrons does this oil drop contain?
To find the number of electrons this oil drop contains, divide the observed charge by the charge of a single electron.
This oil drop contains electrons.
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Which of the following statements concerning the discovery of the electron are false?
Recall that J.J. Thomson conducted the cathode ray tube experiment that proved the existence of a small negatively charged particle. Thomson was also able to determine the charge-to-mass ratio of an electron. Robert Millikan is the scientist who conducted the oil drop experiment, from which he was able to find the charge of the electron and deduce its mass using the electron's charge-to-mass ratio.
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Which of the following is a result of J.J. Thomson's cathode ray tube experiment?
From the cathode ray tube experiment, J.J. Thomson was only able to prove the existence of the negatively charged electron. From the results of the experiment, he also postulated that an atom was made up of a large spherical cloud of positive charge with negatively charged electrons embedded within. This model is also known as the plum pudding model.
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Which of the following elements are classified as a non-metal?
Rn is radon, a noble gas, which is not a metal. As a rule, elements to the left are metals, elements to the right are non-metals. The barrier would be the elements that are immideately to the right of the transition metals
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As atomic radius decreases, the force of attraction between the nucleus of the atom and its electrons __________.
As the atomic radius decreases, electrons are drawn closer to the nucleus. Since the electromagnetic force between the positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons is a function of distance, the force of attraction, or effective nuclear charge, exerted on each electron will be greater.
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What is the shorthand electron configuration for gallium?
To write out the shorthand electronic configuration for Ga, you simply write down the noble gas that that comes before , in this case
, then write the rest of the electron configuration as normal.
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The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of __________.
The atomic number is equal to the number of protons, because no two elements have the same number of protons. It is however possible for different elements to have the same number of electrons (through the loss or gain of electrons) or neutrons (isotopes).
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What kind of radiation has no charge or mass?
This is the definition of gamma radiation.
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Uranium-238 undergoes alpha decay. Which nucleus is formed as a result of this decay?
In alpha decay, an element loses the equivalent of a helium nucleus, or 2 protons and 2 neutrons. Uranium-238 has an atomic number of 92 and a mass of 238 units, so the product of alpha decay will have an atomic number of 90 and a mass of 234 units. This corresponds to thorium-234.
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