Energy of Phase Changes - AP Chemistry
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What is the phase change from liquid to solid called?
What is the phase change from liquid to solid called?
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Freezing. Phase transition from liquid to solid state.
Freezing. Phase transition from liquid to solid state.
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What is the typical unit for specific heat capacity?
What is the typical unit for specific heat capacity?
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Joules per gram per degree Celsius ($\text{J/g°C}$). Standard unit for energy per mass per temperature change.
Joules per gram per degree Celsius ($\text{J/g°C}$). Standard unit for energy per mass per temperature change.
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What does the symbol $m$ represent in the heat equations?
What does the symbol $m$ represent in the heat equations?
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Mass of the substance. Mass is a key variable in all heat transfer calculations.
Mass of the substance. Mass is a key variable in all heat transfer calculations.
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What phase change is associated with the latent heat of fusion?
What phase change is associated with the latent heat of fusion?
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Solid to liquid. Fusion refers to the melting process from solid to liquid.
Solid to liquid. Fusion refers to the melting process from solid to liquid.
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What is the phase change from solid to liquid called?
What is the phase change from solid to liquid called?
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Melting. Phase transition from solid to liquid state.
Melting. Phase transition from solid to liquid state.
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Find the heat released by 60g of steam condensing, given $\text{ΔH}_{\text{vap}} = 2260 \text{J/g}$.
Find the heat released by 60g of steam condensing, given $\text{ΔH}_{\text{vap}} = 2260 \text{J/g}$.
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135,600 J. $q = 60\text{g} \times 2260\text{J/g} = 135,600\text{J}$
135,600 J. $q = 60\text{g} \times 2260\text{J/g} = 135,600\text{J}$
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Calculate the heat absorbed by 25g of ice melting, given $\text{ΔH}_{\text{fusion}} = 334 \text{J/g}$.
Calculate the heat absorbed by 25g of ice melting, given $\text{ΔH}_{\text{fusion}} = 334 \text{J/g}$.
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8,350 J. $q = 25\text{g} \times 334\text{J/g} = 8,350\text{J}$
8,350 J. $q = 25\text{g} \times 334\text{J/g} = 8,350\text{J}$
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What is the energy change associated with the phase change of deposition?
What is the energy change associated with the phase change of deposition?
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Latent heat of deposition. Energy released when gas transitions directly to solid.
Latent heat of deposition. Energy released when gas transitions directly to solid.
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What does the symbol $\text{ΔH}$ represent in phase change calculations?
What does the symbol $\text{ΔH}$ represent in phase change calculations?
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Enthalpy change. Represents the energy change per unit mass during phase transitions.
Enthalpy change. Represents the energy change per unit mass during phase transitions.
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What is the term for the heat change when 1 mole of a solid becomes a liquid?
What is the term for the heat change when 1 mole of a solid becomes a liquid?
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Molar heat of fusion. Energy change per mole for solid-to-liquid transition.
Molar heat of fusion. Energy change per mole for solid-to-liquid transition.
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What is the unit of latent heat of fusion in the SI system?
What is the unit of latent heat of fusion in the SI system?
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Joules per gram ($\text{J/g}$). Standard unit expressing energy per unit mass for fusion.
Joules per gram ($\text{J/g}$). Standard unit expressing energy per unit mass for fusion.
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What is the term for the heat required to convert 1 gram of a solid to a gas?
What is the term for the heat required to convert 1 gram of a solid to a gas?
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Latent heat of sublimation. Energy for direct solid-to-gas transition per unit mass.
Latent heat of sublimation. Energy for direct solid-to-gas transition per unit mass.
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What is the term for the heat required to change 1 gram of a substance from solid to liquid?
What is the term for the heat required to change 1 gram of a substance from solid to liquid?
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Latent heat of fusion. Specific energy required for the melting process per gram.
Latent heat of fusion. Specific energy required for the melting process per gram.
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Calculate the heat required to melt 50g of ice, given $\text{ΔH}_{\text{fusion}} = 334 \text{J/g}$.
Calculate the heat required to melt 50g of ice, given $\text{ΔH}_{\text{fusion}} = 334 \text{J/g}$.
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16,700 J. $q = 50\text{g} \times 334\text{J/g} = 16,700\text{J}$
16,700 J. $q = 50\text{g} \times 334\text{J/g} = 16,700\text{J}$
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What is the unit of molar heat of fusion in SI units?
What is the unit of molar heat of fusion in SI units?
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Joules per mole ($\text{J/mol}$). Standard unit expressing energy per mole for fusion.
Joules per mole ($\text{J/mol}$). Standard unit expressing energy per mole for fusion.
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What is the energy change for converting 1 mole of solid directly to gas?
What is the energy change for converting 1 mole of solid directly to gas?
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Molar heat of sublimation. Energy per mole for direct solid-to-gas transition.
Molar heat of sublimation. Energy per mole for direct solid-to-gas transition.
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Identify the phase change for the latent heat of vaporization.
Identify the phase change for the latent heat of vaporization.
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Liquid to gas. Vaporization specifically describes the liquid-to-gas transition.
Liquid to gas. Vaporization specifically describes the liquid-to-gas transition.
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What is the enthalpy change for the transition from liquid to solid?
What is the enthalpy change for the transition from liquid to solid?
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$ -\text{ΔH}_{\text{fusion}} $. Freezing releases energy, opposite sign of fusion.
$ -\text{ΔH}_{\text{fusion}} $. Freezing releases energy, opposite sign of fusion.
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What does the symbol $q$ represent in the context of phase changes?
What does the symbol $q$ represent in the context of phase changes?
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Heat energy. Represents the thermal energy transferred during phase transitions.
Heat energy. Represents the thermal energy transferred during phase transitions.
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Calculate the heat required to vaporize 100g of water, given $\text{ΔH}_{\text{vap}} = 2260 \text{J/g}$.
Calculate the heat required to vaporize 100g of water, given $\text{ΔH}_{\text{vap}} = 2260 \text{J/g}$.
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226,000 J. $q = 100\text{g} \times 2260\text{J/g} = 226,000\text{J}$
226,000 J. $q = 100\text{g} \times 2260\text{J/g} = 226,000\text{J}$
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What is the formula for calculating the heat required for a phase change?
What is the formula for calculating the heat required for a phase change?
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$q = m \times \text{ΔH}$. Where $q$ is heat, $m$ is mass, and $\text{ΔH}$ is enthalpy change.
$q = m \times \text{ΔH}$. Where $q$ is heat, $m$ is mass, and $\text{ΔH}$ is enthalpy change.
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What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change at constant pressure?
What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change at constant pressure?
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Remains constant. Energy goes into breaking bonds, not changing temperature.
Remains constant. Energy goes into breaking bonds, not changing temperature.
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What is the heat change when 1 mole of gas becomes a liquid?
What is the heat change when 1 mole of gas becomes a liquid?
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Molar heat of condensation. Energy released per mole when gas becomes liquid.
Molar heat of condensation. Energy released per mole when gas becomes liquid.
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Calculate the energy required to freeze 15g of water, given $\text{ΔH}_{\text{fusion}} = 334 \text{J/g}$.
Calculate the energy required to freeze 15g of water, given $\text{ΔH}_{\text{fusion}} = 334 \text{J/g}$.
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5,010 J. $q = 15\text{g} \times 334\text{J/g} = 5,010\text{J}$
5,010 J. $q = 15\text{g} \times 334\text{J/g} = 5,010\text{J}$
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What is the phase change from solid directly to gas called?
What is the phase change from solid directly to gas called?
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Sublimation. Direct transition from solid to gas without liquid phase.
Sublimation. Direct transition from solid to gas without liquid phase.
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What is the phase change from gas directly to solid called?
What is the phase change from gas directly to solid called?
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Deposition. Direct phase transition from gas to solid state.
Deposition. Direct phase transition from gas to solid state.
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What is the term for the energy change when a liquid turns to gas without temperature change?
What is the term for the energy change when a liquid turns to gas without temperature change?
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Latent heat of vaporization. Energy change for liquid-to-gas transition at constant temperature.
Latent heat of vaporization. Energy change for liquid-to-gas transition at constant temperature.
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What is the formula for calculating heat when temperature changes?
What is the formula for calculating heat when temperature changes?
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$q = m \times c \times \text{ΔT}$. Used for heating or cooling without phase change.
$q = m \times c \times \text{ΔT}$. Used for heating or cooling without phase change.
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What is the term for the heat change when 1 mole of a liquid becomes a gas?
What is the term for the heat change when 1 mole of a liquid becomes a gas?
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Molar heat of vaporization. Energy change per mole for liquid-to-gas transition.
Molar heat of vaporization. Energy change per mole for liquid-to-gas transition.
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What is the energy change associated with the phase change of freezing?
What is the energy change associated with the phase change of freezing?
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Latent heat of fusion. Freezing involves the same energy as fusion but opposite direction.
Latent heat of fusion. Freezing involves the same energy as fusion but opposite direction.
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