Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

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AP Chemistry › Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

Questions 1 - 10
1

When is the oxidation number of H (-1)?

Never

When it is bonded to a more electronegative element

When it is bonded to a less electronegative element

Only when it is bonded to Flourine

Only when it is bonded to Chlorine

Explanation

We typically think of Hydrogen as having an oxidation number of +1. However when it is bonded to a less electronegative element such as Na it is actually assigned an oxidation number of -1.

2

How many electrons are involved in the following reaction?

1 e-

2 e-

4 e-

5 e-

10 e-

Explanation

01

The common factor between 2 e- and 5 e- is 10. Therefore the number of electrons involved is 10 e-.

3

The following ReDox reaction takes place in acidic solution:

Fe2+ + Cr2O72– → Fe3+ + Cr3+

What is the sum of coefficients in this redox reaction?

36

35

34

33

37

Explanation

When you balance the redox reaction in acidic conditons, there are 6Fe2+, 1 Cr2O72–, 14 H+, 6 Fe3+, 2 Cr3+, and 7 H2O. Don't forget to add the 1 in front of the Cr2O72–

4

For the redox reaction shown, which of the following half reactions occurs in the anode?

Explanation

Recall that oxidation always occurs at the anode (in both the electrochemical and galvanic cells). loses two electrons in this case to become . The presence of is hinted by the ionic compound .

5

When is the oxidation number of H (-1)?

Never

When it is bonded to a more electronegative element

When it is bonded to a less electronegative element

Only when it is bonded to Flourine

Only when it is bonded to Chlorine

Explanation

We typically think of Hydrogen as having an oxidation number of +1. However when it is bonded to a less electronegative element such as Na it is actually assigned an oxidation number of -1.

6

In the following reaction, which compound is being oxidized?

Copper

Sulfur

Hydrogen

Nitrate

No oxidation takes place

Explanation

Hydrogen doesn't change. Cu2+ doesn't change (partnered with S2- then with SO42-). Sulfur goes from S2- and S6+(paired with 6 O2- with a 2– charge), showing an oxidation. Nitrogen goes from N5+ to N2+ meaning it was reduced.

7

Consider the following reaction:

Cu_{(s)}+2Ag^{+}{(aq)}\rightarrow Cu^{2+}{(aq)}+2Ag_{(s)}

What is the oxidizing agent, and what is the reducing agent?

Silver is the oxidizing agent and copper is the reducing agent

Silver is the reducing agent and copper is the oxidizing agent

Silver is the oxidizing agent and there is no reducing agent

No redox chemistry occurs

Silver is the reducing agent and there is no oxidizing agent

Explanation

Let's break down the reaction into two separate reactions:

Cu_{(s)}\rightarrow Cu^{2+}_{(aq)}+2e^- and

2Ag^+{(aq)}+2e^- \rightarrow 2Ag{(s)}

We can see that copper loses electrons, while silver gains electrons. Recall that oxidation is loss and reduction is gain, with regard to electrons. Copper is oxidized and silver is reduced.

However, this question asks for the oxidizing agent and reducing agent. Recall that the oxidizing agent is reduced, while the reducing agent is oxidized. Since copper is oxidized, it is the reducing agent. Similarly, since silver is reduced, it is the oxidizing agent.

8

How many electrons are involved in the following reaction?

1 e-

2 e-

4 e-

5 e-

10 e-

Explanation

01

The common factor between 2 e- and 5 e- is 10. Therefore the number of electrons involved is 10 e-.

9

In the following reaction, which compound is being oxidized?

Copper

Sulfur

Hydrogen

Nitrate

No oxidation takes place

Explanation

Hydrogen doesn't change. Cu2+ doesn't change (partnered with S2- then with SO42-). Sulfur goes from S2- and S6+(paired with 6 O2- with a 2– charge), showing an oxidation. Nitrogen goes from N5+ to N2+ meaning it was reduced.

10

Consider the following reaction:

Cu_{(s)}+2Ag^{+}{(aq)}\rightarrow Cu^{2+}{(aq)}+2Ag_{(s)}

What is the oxidizing agent, and what is the reducing agent?

Silver is the oxidizing agent and copper is the reducing agent

Silver is the reducing agent and copper is the oxidizing agent

Silver is the oxidizing agent and there is no reducing agent

No redox chemistry occurs

Silver is the reducing agent and there is no oxidizing agent

Explanation

Let's break down the reaction into two separate reactions:

Cu_{(s)}\rightarrow Cu^{2+}_{(aq)}+2e^- and

2Ag^+{(aq)}+2e^- \rightarrow 2Ag{(s)}

We can see that copper loses electrons, while silver gains electrons. Recall that oxidation is loss and reduction is gain, with regard to electrons. Copper is oxidized and silver is reduced.

However, this question asks for the oxidizing agent and reducing agent. Recall that the oxidizing agent is reduced, while the reducing agent is oxidized. Since copper is oxidized, it is the reducing agent. Similarly, since silver is reduced, it is the oxidizing agent.

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