Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
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AP Chemistry › Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
When is the oxidation number of H (-1)?
Never
When it is bonded to a more electronegative element
When it is bonded to a less electronegative element
Only when it is bonded to Flourine
Only when it is bonded to Chlorine
Explanation
We typically think of Hydrogen as having an oxidation number of +1. However when it is bonded to a less electronegative element such as Na it is actually assigned an oxidation number of -1.
How many electrons are involved in the following reaction?
1 e-
2 e-
4 e-
5 e-
10 e-
Explanation
The common factor between 2 e- and 5 e- is 10. Therefore the number of electrons involved is 10 e-.
The following ReDox reaction takes place in acidic solution:
Fe2+ + Cr2O72– → Fe3+ + Cr3+
What is the sum of coefficients in this redox reaction?
36
35
34
33
37
Explanation
When you balance the redox reaction in acidic conditons, there are 6Fe2+, 1 Cr2O72–, 14 H+, 6 Fe3+, 2 Cr3+, and 7 H2O. Don't forget to add the 1 in front of the Cr2O72–
For the redox reaction shown, which of the following half reactions occurs in the anode?
Explanation
Recall that oxidation always occurs at the anode (in both the electrochemical and galvanic cells). loses two electrons in this case to become
. The presence of
is hinted by the ionic compound
.
When is the oxidation number of H (-1)?
Never
When it is bonded to a more electronegative element
When it is bonded to a less electronegative element
Only when it is bonded to Flourine
Only when it is bonded to Chlorine
Explanation
We typically think of Hydrogen as having an oxidation number of +1. However when it is bonded to a less electronegative element such as Na it is actually assigned an oxidation number of -1.
In the following reaction, which compound is being oxidized?
Copper
Sulfur
Hydrogen
Nitrate
No oxidation takes place
Explanation
Hydrogen doesn't change. Cu2+ doesn't change (partnered with S2- then with SO42-). Sulfur goes from S2- and S6+(paired with 6 O2- with a 2– charge), showing an oxidation. Nitrogen goes from N5+ to N2+ meaning it was reduced.
Consider the following reaction:
What is the oxidizing agent, and what is the reducing agent?
Silver is the oxidizing agent and copper is the reducing agent
Silver is the reducing agent and copper is the oxidizing agent
Silver is the oxidizing agent and there is no reducing agent
No redox chemistry occurs
Silver is the reducing agent and there is no oxidizing agent
Explanation
Let's break down the reaction into two separate reactions:
and
We can see that copper loses electrons, while silver gains electrons. Recall that oxidation is loss and reduction is gain, with regard to electrons. Copper is oxidized and silver is reduced.
However, this question asks for the oxidizing agent and reducing agent. Recall that the oxidizing agent is reduced, while the reducing agent is oxidized. Since copper is oxidized, it is the reducing agent. Similarly, since silver is reduced, it is the oxidizing agent.
How many electrons are involved in the following reaction?
1 e-
2 e-
4 e-
5 e-
10 e-
Explanation
The common factor between 2 e- and 5 e- is 10. Therefore the number of electrons involved is 10 e-.
In the following reaction, which compound is being oxidized?
Copper
Sulfur
Hydrogen
Nitrate
No oxidation takes place
Explanation
Hydrogen doesn't change. Cu2+ doesn't change (partnered with S2- then with SO42-). Sulfur goes from S2- and S6+(paired with 6 O2- with a 2– charge), showing an oxidation. Nitrogen goes from N5+ to N2+ meaning it was reduced.
Consider the following reaction:
What is the oxidizing agent, and what is the reducing agent?
Silver is the oxidizing agent and copper is the reducing agent
Silver is the reducing agent and copper is the oxidizing agent
Silver is the oxidizing agent and there is no reducing agent
No redox chemistry occurs
Silver is the reducing agent and there is no oxidizing agent
Explanation
Let's break down the reaction into two separate reactions:
and
We can see that copper loses electrons, while silver gains electrons. Recall that oxidation is loss and reduction is gain, with regard to electrons. Copper is oxidized and silver is reduced.
However, this question asks for the oxidizing agent and reducing agent. Recall that the oxidizing agent is reduced, while the reducing agent is oxidized. Since copper is oxidized, it is the reducing agent. Similarly, since silver is reduced, it is the oxidizing agent.