Energy Conservation - AP Environmental Science
Card 1 of 30
State the formula for calculating power.
State the formula for calculating power.
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$P = \frac{W}{t}$. Power is the rate of energy transfer.
$P = \frac{W}{t}$. Power is the rate of energy transfer.
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Which form of energy is associated with motion?
Which form of energy is associated with motion?
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Kinetic energy. Energy of moving objects.
Kinetic energy. Energy of moving objects.
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Identify the unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI).
Identify the unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI).
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Joule (J). Named after physicist James Prescott Joule.
Joule (J). Named after physicist James Prescott Joule.
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Which form of energy is utilized in wind turbines?
Which form of energy is utilized in wind turbines?
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Kinetic energy of wind. Moving air spins turbine blades to generate electricity.
Kinetic energy of wind. Moving air spins turbine blades to generate electricity.
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What is the definition of electrical energy?
What is the definition of electrical energy?
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Energy from the flow of electric charge. Energy carried by moving electrons in conductors.
Energy from the flow of electric charge. Energy carried by moving electrons in conductors.
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Identify the energy transfer in a simple pendulum.
Identify the energy transfer in a simple pendulum.
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Potential energy to kinetic energy and vice versa. Maximum potential at highest point, maximum kinetic at lowest.
Potential energy to kinetic energy and vice versa. Maximum potential at highest point, maximum kinetic at lowest.
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Identify one non-renewable energy source.
Identify one non-renewable energy source.
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Coal. Fossil fuel formed from ancient plant matter.
Coal. Fossil fuel formed from ancient plant matter.
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What is the primary environmental concern of nuclear energy?
What is the primary environmental concern of nuclear energy?
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Radioactive waste. Long-term storage and disposal challenges remain.
Radioactive waste. Long-term storage and disposal challenges remain.
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What does the term 'energy conservation' mean?
What does the term 'energy conservation' mean?
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Reducing energy use through efficient measures. Includes both efficiency improvements and behavioral changes.
Reducing energy use through efficient measures. Includes both efficiency improvements and behavioral changes.
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What is the definition of potential energy?
What is the definition of potential energy?
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Energy possessed by an object due to its position or condition. Stored energy ready to do work.
Energy possessed by an object due to its position or condition. Stored energy ready to do work.
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Which energy source is known for having the highest energy density?
Which energy source is known for having the highest energy density?
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Nuclear energy. Small amounts produce enormous energy through fission.
Nuclear energy. Small amounts produce enormous energy through fission.
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State the relationship between work and energy.
State the relationship between work and energy.
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Work is the transfer of energy by a force. Work equals force times distance.
Work is the transfer of energy by a force. Work equals force times distance.
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What is the primary advantage of solar energy?
What is the primary advantage of solar energy?
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It is a clean and renewable energy source. No greenhouse gas emissions during operation.
It is a clean and renewable energy source. No greenhouse gas emissions during operation.
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What is the definition of thermal energy?
What is the definition of thermal energy?
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Total kinetic energy of particles in a substance. Related to temperature and molecular motion.
Total kinetic energy of particles in a substance. Related to temperature and molecular motion.
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What is the definition of energy efficiency?
What is the definition of energy efficiency?
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Ratio of useful output energy to total input energy. Always less than 100% due to energy losses.
Ratio of useful output energy to total input energy. Always less than 100% due to energy losses.
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What is the main byproduct of burning fossil fuels?
What is the main byproduct of burning fossil fuels?
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Carbon dioxide (CO₂). Primary greenhouse gas contributing to climate change.
Carbon dioxide (CO₂). Primary greenhouse gas contributing to climate change.
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What is the principle of conservation of mechanical energy?
What is the principle of conservation of mechanical energy?
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Total mechanical energy remains constant if only conservative forces act. Energy transforms between kinetic and potential forms.
Total mechanical energy remains constant if only conservative forces act. Energy transforms between kinetic and potential forms.
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Identify a consequence of high energy consumption.
Identify a consequence of high energy consumption.
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Increased greenhouse gas emissions. Higher demand increases fossil fuel combustion.
Increased greenhouse gas emissions. Higher demand increases fossil fuel combustion.
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State the formula for calculating kinetic energy.
State the formula for calculating kinetic energy.
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$KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$. Where m is mass and v is velocity.
$KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$. Where m is mass and v is velocity.
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Identify the energy transformation in a hydroelectric dam.
Identify the energy transformation in a hydroelectric dam.
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Potential energy to kinetic energy to electrical energy. Water falls, spins turbines, generates electricity.
Potential energy to kinetic energy to electrical energy. Water falls, spins turbines, generates electricity.
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What is the first law of thermodynamics?
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
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Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed. Also known as conservation of energy principle.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed. Also known as conservation of energy principle.
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Identify a major disadvantage of fossil fuels.
Identify a major disadvantage of fossil fuels.
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Environmental pollution. Releases harmful emissions and contributes to climate change.
Environmental pollution. Releases harmful emissions and contributes to climate change.
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Which law explains why perpetual motion machines are impossible?
Which law explains why perpetual motion machines are impossible?
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The second law of thermodynamics. Entropy increase prevents 100% efficiency.
The second law of thermodynamics. Entropy increase prevents 100% efficiency.
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Identify the unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI).
Identify the unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI).
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Joule (J). Named after physicist James Prescott Joule.
Joule (J). Named after physicist James Prescott Joule.
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Identify one method to improve energy efficiency in homes.
Identify one method to improve energy efficiency in homes.
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Installing energy-efficient appliances. Reduces energy waste and lowers utility bills.
Installing energy-efficient appliances. Reduces energy waste and lowers utility bills.
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Which device is used to measure energy consumption?
Which device is used to measure energy consumption?
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Electricity meter. Records electrical energy usage in kilowatt-hours.
Electricity meter. Records electrical energy usage in kilowatt-hours.
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What does the term 'renewable energy' refer to?
What does the term 'renewable energy' refer to?
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Energy from sources that are naturally replenished. Examples include solar, wind, and hydroelectric power.
Energy from sources that are naturally replenished. Examples include solar, wind, and hydroelectric power.
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State the common unit used for measuring electricity consumption.
State the common unit used for measuring electricity consumption.
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Kilowatt-hour (kWh). Equals 1000 watts used for one hour.
Kilowatt-hour (kWh). Equals 1000 watts used for one hour.
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What does the second law of thermodynamics state?
What does the second law of thermodynamics state?
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Entropy of an isolated system always increases. Systems naturally move toward greater disorder.
Entropy of an isolated system always increases. Systems naturally move toward greater disorder.
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Identify a key benefit of using geothermal energy.
Identify a key benefit of using geothermal energy.
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Low greenhouse gas emissions. Minimal carbon footprint and reliable baseload power.
Low greenhouse gas emissions. Minimal carbon footprint and reliable baseload power.
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