Concert of Europe and European Conservatism Practice Test

A scholarly summary of the Vienna settlement argues that peacemakers aimed to prevent another hegemonic bid by France by combining compensation for victors, restoration of legitimate dynasties, and the creation of buffer states. The author stresses that these choices were designed to stabilize Europe through a balance of power rather than to implement national self-determination. Which of the following is the best example of the buffer-state principle described?

A historian summarizes the post-1815 settlement: “At Vienna and in subsequent congresses, the great powers sought legitimacy through dynastic restoration and a balance of power, treating revolution as a contagious threat to be contained by coordinated diplomacy and, if necessary, intervention.” Which development best illustrates the conservative order described?