Congressional Behavior Practice Test

Trustee model: the senator prioritizes independent judgment and long‑term national interests, even when constituents demand a different outcome.

Delegate model: the senator treats constituent preferences as instructions, voting to match the referendum despite personal disagreement.

Politico model: the senator mixes constituent preferences and personal beliefs depending on issue salience, reelection risk, and policy complexity.

Committee specialization: the senator votes based primarily on committee testimony and technical expertise, not public opinion measures.

Logrolling: the senator trades votes with colleagues to secure unrelated support, so the referendum is only a public justification.