This question tests the use of transitions and cohesive devices in AP Japanese Language and Culture, focusing on understanding their function in writing. Cohesive devices like したがって are essential for drawing conclusions and showing logical consequences in academic presentations. In this passage about language learning, したがって appears in the conclusion section after presenting various arguments about the benefits and challenges of language study. Choice A is correct because したがって functions to introduce a conclusion or consequence based on the preceding arguments, leading to the final assertion that learning is necessary. Choice C is incorrect because したがって doesn't simply change topics but rather synthesizes previous points into a logical conclusion. To help students: Have them practice identifying all the supporting arguments that lead to a したがって conclusion. Encourage outlining presentations to see how premises build toward conclusions marked by this connector.

This question tests the use of transitions and cohesive devices in AP Japanese Language and Culture, focusing on understanding their function in writing. Cohesive devices like そのため are essential for showing causal relationships and logical consequences in procedural or explanatory texts. In this miso soup recipe, そのため appears after warning about boiling ruining the flavor, introducing the consequent action of dissolving miso after turning off heat. Choice B is correct because そのため indicates that what follows is a result or consequence of the previous statement about flavor loss. Choice C is incorrect because そのため doesn't show opposition but rather a logical response to the stated problem. To help students: Practice identifying cause-effect pairs in instructional texts, highlighting the problem before そのため and the solution after it. Encourage students to distinguish between causal connectors (そのため、だから) and adversative ones (しかし、でも).