Specific Heat and Thermal Conductivity - AP Physics 2
Card 1 of 30
Find $c$ if $q=750 \text{ J}$, $m=3 \text{ kg}$, $\Delta T=10^{\circ}\text{C}$.
Find $c$ if $q=750 \text{ J}$, $m=3 \text{ kg}$, $\Delta T=10^{\circ}\text{C}$.
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$25 \text{ J/kg·K}$. $c = q/(m\Delta T) = 750/(3 \times 10) = 25$
$25 \text{ J/kg·K}$. $c = q/(m\Delta T) = 750/(3 \times 10) = 25$
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What is the unit of specific heat capacity in SI?
What is the unit of specific heat capacity in SI?
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Joules per kilogram per Kelvin (J/kg·K). Energy per mass per temperature change.
Joules per kilogram per Kelvin (J/kg·K). Energy per mass per temperature change.
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Identify the symbol for specific heat capacity.
Identify the symbol for specific heat capacity.
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$c$. Lowercase c is standard notation.
$c$. Lowercase c is standard notation.
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What does $k$ represent in the thermal conductivity formula?
What does $k$ represent in the thermal conductivity formula?
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Thermal conductivity. Material's intrinsic heat conduction property.
Thermal conductivity. Material's intrinsic heat conduction property.
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Define specific heat capacity.
Define specific heat capacity.
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Amount of heat required to raise 1 kg of substance by $1^{\circ}C$. Intensive property measuring thermal inertia.
Amount of heat required to raise 1 kg of substance by $1^{\circ}C$. Intensive property measuring thermal inertia.
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What is the specific heat of water?
What is the specific heat of water?
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$4.18 \text{ J/g°C}$. High value gives water thermal stability.
$4.18 \text{ J/g°C}$. High value gives water thermal stability.
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What is the temperature change if $1000 \text{ J}$ is added to $2 \text{ kg}$ of aluminum ($c=900 \text{ J/kg·K}$)?
What is the temperature change if $1000 \text{ J}$ is added to $2 \text{ kg}$ of aluminum ($c=900 \text{ J/kg·K}$)?
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$0.56^{\circ}C$. $\Delta T = q/(mc) = 1000/(2 \times 900) = 0.56$
$0.56^{\circ}C$. $\Delta T = q/(mc) = 1000/(2 \times 900) = 0.56$
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What is the specific heat if $q=200 \text{ J}$, $m=4 \text{ kg}$, $\Delta T=2^{\circ}C$?
What is the specific heat if $q=200 \text{ J}$, $m=4 \text{ kg}$, $\Delta T=2^{\circ}C$?
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$25 \text{ J/kg·K}$. $c = q/(m\Delta T) = 200/(4 \times 2) = 25$
$25 \text{ J/kg·K}$. $c = q/(m\Delta T) = 200/(4 \times 2) = 25$
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Find the mass if $q=1500 \text{ J}$, $c=200 \text{ J/kg·K}$, $\Delta T=3^{\circ}C$.
Find the mass if $q=1500 \text{ J}$, $c=200 \text{ J/kg·K}$, $\Delta T=3^{\circ}C$.
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$2.5 \text{ kg}$. $m = q/(c\Delta T) = 1500/(200 \times 3) = 2.5$
$2.5 \text{ kg}$. $m = q/(c\Delta T) = 1500/(200 \times 3) = 2.5$
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Calculate $\Delta T$ if $q=500 \text{ J}$, $m=1 \text{ kg}$, $c=250 \text{ J/kg·K}$.
Calculate $\Delta T$ if $q=500 \text{ J}$, $m=1 \text{ kg}$, $c=250 \text{ J/kg·K}$.
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$2^{\circ}C$. $\Delta T = q/(mc) = 500/(1 \times 250) = 2$
$2^{\circ}C$. $\Delta T = q/(mc) = 500/(1 \times 250) = 2$
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What does $q$ represent in heat equations?
What does $q$ represent in heat equations?
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Heat transfer. Heat energy or heat flow rate.
Heat transfer. Heat energy or heat flow rate.
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What does $q$ represent in heat equations?
What does $q$ represent in heat equations?
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Heat transfer. Heat energy or heat flow rate.
Heat transfer. Heat energy or heat flow rate.
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What is the thermal conductivity of air?
What is the thermal conductivity of air?
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Approximately $0.024 \text{ W/m·K}$. Air is good thermal insulator.
Approximately $0.024 \text{ W/m·K}$. Air is good thermal insulator.
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What is the specific heat of water?
What is the specific heat of water?
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$4.18 \text{ J/g°C}$. High value gives water thermal stability.
$4.18 \text{ J/g°C}$. High value gives water thermal stability.
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Find $\Delta T$ if $q=2500 \text{ J}$, $m=5 \text{ kg}$, $c=500 \text{ J/kg·K}$.
Find $\Delta T$ if $q=2500 \text{ J}$, $m=5 \text{ kg}$, $c=500 \text{ J/kg·K}$.
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$1^{\circ}C$. $\Delta T = q/(mc) = 2500/(5 \times 500) = 1$
$1^{\circ}C$. $\Delta T = q/(mc) = 2500/(5 \times 500) = 1$
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What is the role of area $A$ in the thermal conductivity equation?
What is the role of area $A$ in the thermal conductivity equation?
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Cross-sectional area through which heat flows. Larger area increases heat transfer proportionally.
Cross-sectional area through which heat flows. Larger area increases heat transfer proportionally.
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What is the unit of thermal conductivity in SI?
What is the unit of thermal conductivity in SI?
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Watts per meter per Kelvin (W/m·K). Power per length per temperature difference.
Watts per meter per Kelvin (W/m·K). Power per length per temperature difference.
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What is thermal conductivity?
What is thermal conductivity?
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Measure of a material's ability to conduct heat. Material property for heat conduction efficiency.
Measure of a material's ability to conduct heat. Material property for heat conduction efficiency.
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State the formula for calculating heat transfer.
State the formula for calculating heat transfer.
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$q = mc\Delta T$. Relates heat to mass, specific heat, and temperature change.
$q = mc\Delta T$. Relates heat to mass, specific heat, and temperature change.
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Find $c$ if $q=750 \text{ J}$, $m=3 \text{ kg}$, $\Delta T=10^{\circ}C$.
Find $c$ if $q=750 \text{ J}$, $m=3 \text{ kg}$, $\Delta T=10^{\circ}C$.
Tap to reveal answer
$25 \text{ J/kg·K}$. $c = q/(m\Delta T) = 750/(3 \times 10) = 25$
$25 \text{ J/kg·K}$. $c = q/(m\Delta T) = 750/(3 \times 10) = 25$
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What is the effect of high specific heat on temperature change?
What is the effect of high specific heat on temperature change?
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Smaller temperature change for given heat input. More energy needed for same temperature rise.
Smaller temperature change for given heat input. More energy needed for same temperature rise.
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State Fourier’s Law of Heat Conduction.
State Fourier’s Law of Heat Conduction.
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Heat transfer rate $q = -kA\frac{\Delta T}{\Delta x}$. Fundamental equation for conductive heat transfer.
Heat transfer rate $q = -kA\frac{\Delta T}{\Delta x}$. Fundamental equation for conductive heat transfer.
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What is the temperature change if $1000 \text{ J}$ is added to $2 \text{ kg}$ of aluminum ($c=900 \text{ J/kg·K}$)?
What is the temperature change if $1000 \text{ J}$ is added to $2 \text{ kg}$ of aluminum ($c=900 \text{ J/kg·K}$)?
Tap to reveal answer
$0.56^{\circ}C$. $\Delta T = q/(mc) = 1000/(2 \times 900) = 0.56$
$0.56^{\circ}C$. $\Delta T = q/(mc) = 1000/(2 \times 900) = 0.56$
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Find the specific heat capacity if $q=500 \text{ J}$, $m=2 \text{ kg}$, $\Delta T=5^{\circ}C$.
Find the specific heat capacity if $q=500 \text{ J}$, $m=2 \text{ kg}$, $\Delta T=5^{\circ}C$.
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$50 \text{ J/kg·K}$. $c = q/(m\Delta T) = 500/(2 \times 5) = 50$
$50 \text{ J/kg·K}$. $c = q/(m\Delta T) = 500/(2 \times 5) = 50$
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What does the negative sign in $q = -kA\frac{\Delta T}{\Delta x}$ indicate?
What does the negative sign in $q = -kA\frac{\Delta T}{\Delta x}$ indicate?
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Heat flows from high to low temperature. Heat flows down temperature gradient naturally.
Heat flows from high to low temperature. Heat flows down temperature gradient naturally.
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Find the specific heat if $q=360 \text{ J}$, $m=2 \text{ kg}$, $\Delta T=2^{\circ}C$.
Find the specific heat if $q=360 \text{ J}$, $m=2 \text{ kg}$, $\Delta T=2^{\circ}C$.
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$90 \text{ J/kg·K}$. $c = q/(m\Delta T) = 360/(2 \times 2) = 90$
$90 \text{ J/kg·K}$. $c = q/(m\Delta T) = 360/(2 \times 2) = 90$
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What is the specific heat if $q=200 \text{ J}$, $m=4 \text{ kg}$, $\Delta T=2^{\circ}C$?
What is the specific heat if $q=200 \text{ J}$, $m=4 \text{ kg}$, $\Delta T=2^{\circ}C$?
Tap to reveal answer
$25 \text{ J/kg·K}$. $c = q/(m\Delta T) = 200/(4 \times 2) = 25$
$25 \text{ J/kg·K}$. $c = q/(m\Delta T) = 200/(4 \times 2) = 25$
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Find the mass if $q=1500 \text{ J}$, $c=200 \text{ J/kg·K}$, $\Delta T=3^{\circ}C$.
Find the mass if $q=1500 \text{ J}$, $c=200 \text{ J/kg·K}$, $\Delta T=3^{\circ}C$.
Tap to reveal answer
$2.5 \text{ kg}$. $m = q/(c\Delta T) = 1500/(200 \times 3) = 2.5$
$2.5 \text{ kg}$. $m = q/(c\Delta T) = 1500/(200 \times 3) = 2.5$
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Identify the meaning of $\Delta x$ in thermal conductivity.
Identify the meaning of $\Delta x$ in thermal conductivity.
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Thickness of the material. Greater thickness reduces heat transfer rate.
Thickness of the material. Greater thickness reduces heat transfer rate.
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What is the thermal conductivity of copper?
What is the thermal conductivity of copper?
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Approximately $385 \text{ W/m·K}$. High thermal conductivity metal.
Approximately $385 \text{ W/m·K}$. High thermal conductivity metal.
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