Analogies: Determining Meaning from Type of Relationship - HSPT Language Skills
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Answer the question by selecting the word that best completes the comparison.
Bovine is to cow as porcine is to __________.
Answer the question by selecting the word that best completes the comparison.
Bovine is to cow as porcine is to __________.
"Bovine" refers to a "cow," while "porcine" refers to a "pig."
"Bovine" refers to a "cow," while "porcine" refers to a "pig."
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Answer the question by selecting the word that best completes the analogy.
Aspen is to tree as tulip is to __________.
Answer the question by selecting the word that best completes the analogy.
Aspen is to tree as tulip is to __________.
An "aspen" is a type of "tree," just as a "tulip" is a type of "flower."
An "aspen" is a type of "tree," just as a "tulip" is a type of "flower."
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Answer the question by selecting the word that best completes the analogy.
Neon is to gas as titanium is to __________.
Answer the question by selecting the word that best completes the analogy.
Neon is to gas as titanium is to __________.
"Neon" is a type of elemental "gas," just as "titanium" is a type of "metal."
"Neon" is a type of elemental "gas," just as "titanium" is a type of "metal."
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Choose the best answer that best completes the comparison.
Balcony is to railing as road is to __________.
Choose the best answer that best completes the comparison.
Balcony is to railing as road is to __________.
A "balcony" has a "railing" to keep people safe, much like a "road" has a "guardrail" to keep cars and their drivers safe.
A "balcony" has a "railing" to keep people safe, much like a "road" has a "guardrail" to keep cars and their drivers safe.
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Choose the answer that best completes the comparison.
Herd is to cattle as flock is to __________.
Choose the answer that best completes the comparison.
Herd is to cattle as flock is to __________.
A group of "cattle" is called a "herd;" similarly a group of "seagulls" is called a "flock."
A group of "cattle" is called a "herd;" similarly a group of "seagulls" is called a "flock."
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Answer the question by choosing the word that best completes the comparison.
Dentist is to teeth as optometrist is to __________.
Answer the question by choosing the word that best completes the comparison.
Dentist is to teeth as optometrist is to __________.
A "dentist" is a doctor that specializes in "teeth," whereas an "optometrist" specializes in "eyes."
A "dentist" is a doctor that specializes in "teeth," whereas an "optometrist" specializes in "eyes."
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Answer the question by choosing the word that best completes the comparison.
Carnivore is to meat as herbivore is to __________.
Answer the question by choosing the word that best completes the comparison.
Carnivore is to meat as herbivore is to __________.
A "carnivore" is one who eats primarily "meat," whereas an "herbivore" eats mainly "plants."
A "carnivore" is one who eats primarily "meat," whereas an "herbivore" eats mainly "plants."
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Choose the answer that best completes the comparison.
Orchard is to apples as vineyard is to __________.
Choose the answer that best completes the comparison.
Orchard is to apples as vineyard is to __________.
"Orchards" are the place where "apples" are grown; therefore "vineyards" are where "grapes" are grown.
"Orchards" are the place where "apples" are grown; therefore "vineyards" are where "grapes" are grown.
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Choose the answer that best completes the comparison.
Ore is to steel as sap is to __________.
Choose the answer that best completes the comparison.
Ore is to steel as sap is to __________.
"Steel" is made of raw "ore," just as "rubber" is made from "sap."
"Steel" is made of raw "ore," just as "rubber" is made from "sap."
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Annoyance is to emotion as cannon is to __________.
Annoyance is to emotion as cannon is to __________.
Annoyance is a type of emotion. Therefore, we are looking to find a word that expresses a "type-of" relationship. Cannons are a type of implement used for warfare. Therefore, they are a type of "armament." The word "arms" often are used to describe such military equipment, as when people speak of "arming" a group for battle.
Annoyance is a type of emotion. Therefore, we are looking to find a word that expresses a "type-of" relationship. Cannons are a type of implement used for warfare. Therefore, they are a type of "armament." The word "arms" often are used to describe such military equipment, as when people speak of "arming" a group for battle.
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Weary is to energetic as plain is to __________.
Weary is to energetic as plain is to __________.
When someone is weary, he or she is tired and lacking energy; therefore, “weary” and “energetic” are antonyms. In looking for an antonym for “plain,” the best option is “ostentatious,” which means “showy” (often with the negative connotation that the showiness is done in order to attract attention). This is an adequate antonym for “plain.”
When someone is weary, he or she is tired and lacking energy; therefore, “weary” and “energetic” are antonyms. In looking for an antonym for “plain,” the best option is “ostentatious,” which means “showy” (often with the negative connotation that the showiness is done in order to attract attention). This is an adequate antonym for “plain.”
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Charitable is to stingy as improve is to __________.
Charitable is to stingy as improve is to __________.
The word “charitable” can mean merely “kindly” but also can describe activities of giving money to helpful causes. Someone who is described as being charitable is likely not to be stingy, which means “cheap” or “unwilling to spend money.” Thus, the analogy could fairly be understood as one of antonyms. The best option for an antonym for “improve” is the relatively simple “decline.” None of the other options has a meaning directly opposed to “improve.”
The word “charitable” can mean merely “kindly” but also can describe activities of giving money to helpful causes. Someone who is described as being charitable is likely not to be stingy, which means “cheap” or “unwilling to spend money.” Thus, the analogy could fairly be understood as one of antonyms. The best option for an antonym for “improve” is the relatively simple “decline.” None of the other options has a meaning directly opposed to “improve.”
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Complete this analogy.
Vacuum is to matter as unintelligible is to __________.
Complete this analogy.
Vacuum is to matter as unintelligible is to __________.
A vacuum is a space lacking matter. Thus, the analogy could be rewritten as, “Just a vacuum lacks matter, so does something unintelligible lack X.” When something is unintelligible, it makes little or no sense and cannot be understood. It could thus be said to lack meaning for someone trying to understand it.
A vacuum is a space lacking matter. Thus, the analogy could be rewritten as, “Just a vacuum lacks matter, so does something unintelligible lack X.” When something is unintelligible, it makes little or no sense and cannot be understood. It could thus be said to lack meaning for someone trying to understand it.
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Destitution is to wealth as frigidity is to __________.
Destitution is to wealth as frigidity is to __________.
Destitution is a state of extreme poverty, so a person living in destitution could be said to be in the state of lacking wealth. Something “frigid” is very cold, thus being best described as lacking any heat. This is the best option among those provided.
Destitution is a state of extreme poverty, so a person living in destitution could be said to be in the state of lacking wealth. Something “frigid” is very cold, thus being best described as lacking any heat. This is the best option among those provided.
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Safe is to danger as wakeful is to __________.
Safe is to danger as wakeful is to __________.
Something that is safe lacks danger. Thus, this analogy could be rewritten, “As something safe lacks danger, so does a wakeful state lack X.” When someone is wakeful, he or she either does not need sleep or cannot do so. Likewise, the word can be used to describe a period of time as in “a wakeful night.” In the latter case, it means “a night passed without sleep.” The word “sleep” is the best option for that which is lacking in wakefulness.
Something that is safe lacks danger. Thus, this analogy could be rewritten, “As something safe lacks danger, so does a wakeful state lack X.” When someone is wakeful, he or she either does not need sleep or cannot do so. Likewise, the word can be used to describe a period of time as in “a wakeful night.” In the latter case, it means “a night passed without sleep.” The word “sleep” is the best option for that which is lacking in wakefulness.
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Impregnable is to weakness as flaccid is to __________.
Impregnable is to weakness as flaccid is to __________.
Something that is impregnable is unable to be broken or destroyed. For instance, an “impregnable fortress” is one believed to be completely safe and unable to be overcome. Such a thing lacks any weakness. Thus, the analogy could be written, “As something impregnable lacks weakness, something flaccid lacks X.” Something flaccid is soft, loose, or flabby. Such a thing lacks firmness.
Something that is impregnable is unable to be broken or destroyed. For instance, an “impregnable fortress” is one believed to be completely safe and unable to be overcome. Such a thing lacks any weakness. Thus, the analogy could be written, “As something impregnable lacks weakness, something flaccid lacks X.” Something flaccid is soft, loose, or flabby. Such a thing lacks firmness.
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Choose the word that best completes each comparison.
Composed is to agitated as urgent is to __________.
Choose the word that best completes each comparison.
Composed is to agitated as urgent is to __________.
"Composed" and "agitated" are antonyms, as are "urgent" and "unimportant."
"Composed" and "agitated" are antonyms, as are "urgent" and "unimportant."
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Choose the word that best completes each comparison.
Proud is to humble as silence is to __________.
Choose the word that best completes each comparison.
Proud is to humble as silence is to __________.
"Proud" and "humble" are strong opposites, just as "silence" and "clamor" are antonyms.
"Proud" and "humble" are strong opposites, just as "silence" and "clamor" are antonyms.
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Choose the word that best completes each comparison.
Unsure is to certain as enlightened is to __________.
Choose the word that best completes each comparison.
Unsure is to certain as enlightened is to __________.
"Unsure" and "certain" are clearly antonyms; therefore the opposite of "enlightened" is "ignorant."
"Unsure" and "certain" are clearly antonyms; therefore the opposite of "enlightened" is "ignorant."
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Choose the word that best completes each comparison.
Disturbed is to pacific as troubled is to __________.
Choose the word that best completes each comparison.
Disturbed is to pacific as troubled is to __________.
"Disturbed" and "troubled" are both antonyms of "pacific" and "tranquil."
"Disturbed" and "troubled" are both antonyms of "pacific" and "tranquil."
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