Integers and Rational Numbers
Working with Positive and Negative Numbers
Integers include all whole numbers and their opposites, such as \(-3, 0, 5\). Rational numbers include integers, fractions, and decimals that can be written as a ratio of two integers.
Adding and Subtracting
When you add or subtract integers, think of a number line. Moving to the right increases the value, and moving to the left decreases it. The same rules apply when dealing with negative numbers.
Multiplying and Dividing
Multiplying or dividing numbers with the same sign produces a positive result, while different signs give a negative result.
Real-World Connections
Balancing a checking account, tracking temperatures, or even playing games with points can involve positive and negative numbers.
Key Terms
- Integer
- Rational number
- Negative number
- Absolute value
Examples
Calculating your bank balance after deposits and withdrawals.
Reading temperatures that fall below zero.
In a Nutshell
Understanding how to work with positive and negative numbers, fractions, and decimals.