Spatial Inequality and Residential Segregation (10A) Practice Test

Researchers analyzed migration and neighborhood change in a city between 2010 and 2020. Census tract data showed that Tract A’s share of residents with a bachelor’s degree rose from 22% to 41% and median rent rose from $980 to $1,520; the share of residents identifying as Black fell from 48% to 32%. Tract B, 3 miles away, had a smaller rent increase ($810 to $960), a stable bachelor’s degree share (18% to 20%), and an increase in the share identifying as Black (52% to 59%). Citywide population was stable, but the number of eviction filings increased by 17% and concentrated in a cluster of tracts including Tract B. Which outcome is most consistent with the patterns of residential segregation described?

A study examined how municipal zoning is associated with access to educational resources. Two adjacent districts, Eastvale and Northgate, have similar total populations and tax rates, but different zoning patterns. Eastvale designates 68% of residential land as single-family only and has 4% multifamily housing; Northgate designates 28% single-family only and has 22% multifamily housing. Over 10 years, Eastvale’s public schools averaged $16,800 per pupil and had a mean student-teacher ratio of 14:1; Northgate averaged $12,900 per pupil with a 19:1 ratio. During the same period, median rent increased 31% in Eastvale and 12% in Northgate. Based on the information provided, which factor is most likely contributing to spatial inequality?