AP Chemistry

Advanced Placement Chemistry exploring atomic structure, chemical bonding, and reactions.

Atomic StructureChemical BondingChemical Reactions
Quantum Mechanical Model of the AtomIntermolecular ForcesThermochemistry and Energy Changes
Lab Safety and MeasurementStoichiometry in ActionAcids, Bases, and pH in Everyday Life
Mastering Multiple Choice QuestionsTime Management During the Exam
Atomic StructureChemical BondingChemical ReactionsQuantum Mechanical M...Intermolecular Force...Thermochemistry and ...Lab Safety and Measu...Stoichiometry in Act...Acids, Bases, and pH...Mastering Multiple C...Time Management Duri...
Basic Concepts

Chemical Reactions

What Is a Chemical Reaction?

Chemical reactions happen when substances (reactants) interact to form new substances (products). Atoms are rearranged, but the total number of atoms is conserved.

Types of Chemical Reactions

  • Synthesis: Two or more substances combine to form one product.
  • Decomposition: A compound breaks down into simpler substances.
  • Single Replacement: An element replaces another in a compound.
  • Double Replacement: Two compounds exchange elements.

Reading and Writing Equations

Chemical reactions are represented by equations, showing reactants and products. Balancing equations ensures matter is conserved.

Everyday Chemistry

Chemical reactions power everything from digesting food to running car engines and even fireworks!

Examples

  • Burning methane: \( \mathrm{CH_4} + 2,\mathrm{O_2} \rightarrow \mathrm{CO_2} + 2,\mathrm{H_2O} \)

  • Vinegar and baking soda reacting to produce carbon dioxide gas.

In a Nutshell

Chemical reactions involve the transformation of substances and are essential to both industry and life.

Key Terms

Reactant
A starting substance in a chemical reaction.
Product
A substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction.
Balanced Equation
An equation with equal numbers of each atom on both sides.
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Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom