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GRE Subject Test: Chemistry : Other Spectroscopy

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GRE Subject Test: Chemistry

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Example Questions

Example Question #371 : Gre Subject Test: Chemistry

Which formula gives the relationship between the energy () of a photon as a function of the frequency () of light?

Possible Answers:

E=mv

$E=\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}$

$E=\frac{v}{h}$

E=hv

$E=\frac{h}{v}$

Correct answer:

E=hv

Explanation:

There is a direct relationship between energy () of a photon and its frequency (). As energy increases the frequency associated with that photon increases based on the equation E=hv (=Planck's constant).

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Example Question #22 : Spectroscopy

There are four laser pointers that give off different colors off light. The wavelengths corresponding to these colors are:

violet- 400 nm

red- 650 nm

green- 510 nm

blue- 475 nm

yellow- 570 nm

Which laser pointer is expected to give off light with the highest energy?

Possible Answers:

Blue

Green

Violet

Red

Yellow

Correct answer:

Violet

Explanation:

Violet waves have the most energy of the visible spectrum because of the relationship:

$v=f\lambda$

Where =speed of light= $3.00*10^{8}\frac{m}{s}$ , =frequency, and $\lambda$ =wavelength of light. The equation can be rearranged to:

$v=f\lambda$

Therefore, there is an inverse relationship between wavelength and frequency. There is a direct relationship between energy and frequency governed by the equation

$E=hf=\frac{hc}{\lambda }$

Where $h=6.63 * 10^{-34}\frac{J}{s}$ is Planck's constant. So as frequency increases, so does the energy of the light waves. Therefore, waves with shorter wavelengths have higher frequencies, and more energy associated with them.

For the violet light:

$E=hf=\frac{hc}{\lambda }=\frac{(6.626 * 10^{-34} \frac{J}{s})(3.00 *10^{8}\frac{m}{s})}{400 * 10^{-9}m}=4.97*10^{-17}J$

If we complete this calculation for the other colors, our conceptual answer will be confirmed mathematically.

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Example Question #1 : Other Spectroscopy

Which analytical method is used primarily to determine the functional groups present in a compound?

Possible Answers:

Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy

Mass spectrometry

More than one of these

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy

Correct answer:

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy

Explanation:

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is used to determine the functional groups present in a molecule. It makes use of the IR region of the electromagnetic spectrum. When an analyte is exposed to IR radiation, different functional groups absorb radiation at their characteristic wavelengths causing vibrational and rotational excitation to bonds within the molecule. The frequencies absorbed correspond to the amount of energy required to increase the molecular vibration of the functional groups in a molecule and can be plotted on a graph for analysis. Mass spectroscopy is used primarily to determine the amount and types of chemicals present within a sample. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is used to analyze highly conjugated compounds, biological molecules, and transition metals. NMR spectroscopy gives information about the electronic structure of a molecule.

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Example Question #92 : Analytical Chemistry

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In a UV-visible absorption spectroscopy experiment, the length of the cell or cuvette is 1cm. Given the calibration curve for a substance, what is the molar extinction coefficient for this compound?

Possible Answers:

$0.01\ M^{-1}cm^{-1}$

$1\times 10^{-3}\ M^{-1}cm^{-1}$

$522\ M^{-1}cm^{-1}$

$0.332\ M^{-1}cm^{-1}$

Correct answer:

$522\ M^{-1}cm^{-1}$

Explanation:

The equation for Beer's law is:

$A=\varepsilon\ b\ C$

A=absorbance

$\varepsilon=molar\ extinction\ coefficient$

$b=path\ length$

Rearrange the equation:

$\frac{A}{c}=\varepsilon\ b$

Given that $b=1\ cm$ , the slope of the line in the graph provided equals to the molar extinction coefficient. Therefore, the answer is $522\ M^{-1}cm^{-1}$

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GRE Subject Test: Chemistry : Other Spectroscopy

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GRE Subject Test: Chemistry

All GRE Subject Test: Chemistry Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #371 : Gre Subject Test: Chemistry

Example Question #22 : Spectroscopy

Example Question #1 : Other Spectroscopy

Example Question #92 : Analytical Chemistry

All GRE Subject Test: Chemistry Resources

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