Choice 2 is correct; this is how a classical slingshot operates. A body in motion tends  to remain in motion unless a force disturbs that motion. At any point in time, the insect is moving in a straight line along a line tangent to the circumference of the wheel. When the little creature leaves the wheel, there is no longer any force acting on it, so it will move in a straight line, not a curvilinear path. Newtonian kinetics of course includes these concepts, because they relate closely to the motion of celestial bodies.

Since the object is traveling in a circle, it is constantly changing direction. This means that the direction of the velocity is also changing, even if the magnitude is not. Because the magnitude of the velocity does not change, we can assume that acceleration is constant.

Maximum tension occurs when the ball is at its bottommost point, as the string experiences both the downward force of gravity and centripetal force.

An object moving in constant circular motion must have centripetal acceleration, directed towards the center of its path, in order to maintain its circular motion. So  and is towards the center of car A's path. 

An object moving linearly at constant velocity has 0 acceleration, so .

In general, we can think of acceleration as a change in either the magnitude or direction of an object's velocity. Neither of these cars has a change in the magnitude of its velocity, but car A does experience a change in the direction of its velocity, while car B does not.

Centripetal acceleration is given by the equation:

We are given the angular velocity and the diameter. We can easily solve for the radius from the diameter, and use the angular velocity to find the linear velocity.

Convert the angular velocity to the proper units by changing revolutions to radians.

Now we can convert the angular velocity to the linear velocity using the radius.

 Use the radius and the linear velocity to calculate the centripetal acceleration from the original equation.

Centripetal force is given by the equation:

The length of the string represents the radius of the circle being formed. Use the given string length as the radius, along with the mass of the ball and the velocity, to calculate the centripetal force.

Note that we are asked the linear velocity of the pulley, not the angular velocity. With Newton’s second law, we know that F = ma. Additionally, in rotational motion, we know that . The force (F) the instant the rope is cut is due to the platform with the 4 weights. Knowing the mass and radius of the pulley, we can solve for the linear velocity:

To calculate g's, we need to know the centripetal force the rider is experiencing. To calculate centripetal force, we need to know how fast the ride is traveling at the top of the loop. To do this, we will use the equation for conservation of energy:

If we set the height of the top of the loop to 10m, we can say that there is no initial potential energy. Since we are solving for final velocity, let's rearrange this for final kinetic energy:

Plugging in the expressions for each of these terms, we get:

Rearranging for final velocity:

We have all of the values except for how far the coaster travels. It travels from the bottom to the top of the loop, which is half the circumference of the circle:

Now we can plug in our values and solve:

Now that we know how fast the ride is traveling at the top of the loop, we can calculate the centripetal force on the man:

Now that we know the force in Newtons, we can convert this value to g's.

For this man:

Therefore,