All AP European History Resources
Example Questions
Example Question #1 : Urbanization
Which of the following was NOT a key contributor to the explosive growth in the population of Manchester, England, during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries?
The boom in the cotton spinning industry due to easier shipping
The diversification of British industry during the Industrial Revolution
Technological advances in the production of textiles
The ability of advanced agricultural techniques to produce more food with less labor
Manchester's strategic location as a port city
Manchester's strategic location as a port city
Manchester was a small, rural town in 1800 and a huge industrial metropolis by 1900. The largest cause of this growth was simply the Industrial Revolution, but more specifically, the urban area exploded in population first because of the technological advances in the cotton and textile industry that produced new factory jobs, advanced agricultural techniques that required less farm labor, the diversification of industry around the textile factories, and the ability to ship cotton and textiles all over the world. Remarkably for the time, Manchester grew despite not being on water that allowed it to be a port and was largely grown through railroads.
Example Question #2 : Urbanization
The Factory Act of 1833 was primarily concerned with __________.
disbanding unions and criminalizing strikes
All of the other answers are correct.
regulating the hours of children working in factories
encouraging efficiency and productivity
preventing women, particularly mothers, from working in factories
regulating the hours of children working in factories
The Factory Act of 1833 was primarily concerned with regulating the hours of children working in factories in urban Britain. Child labor was common practice throughout the Industrial Revolution, and the Factory Act sought to limit the abuses of child labor by limiting children younger than fourteen to no more than eight hours of labor a day and children between the ages of fourteen and eighteen to no more than twelve hours of labor a day.
Example Question #2 : Urbanization
Greater social mobility during the era of urbanization and industrialization led to __________.
equal prosperity between the working and middle classes
declining rates of disease
None of these answers
the decline of religion as an important part of most people’s lives
a much larger number of children being born out of wedlock
a much larger number of children being born out of wedlock
Between 1750 and 1900, the nature of the family unit in European society changed dramatically. Far fewer people were staying in one community their whole lives, so they were removed from the constraints of social obligation. This led to more people having sex outside of marriage and led to a massive spike in the number of “illegitimate” children.
Example Question #3 : Urbanization
Georges-Eugene Haussmann is remembered for his __________.
attempts to lead an uprising of the working classes during the Revolutions of 1848
attempts to unify the various German economies under the Zollverein
renovation of the urban layout of Paris
attempts at political reform under Napoleon III
writings on factory life in France, Germany, and the Austrian Empire
renovation of the urban layout of Paris
Georges-Eugene Haussmann is most widely remembered for the massive project of renovation that he undertook to reshape the urban layout of Paris. He was commissioned to do so by Napoleon III and set out a massive restructuring of Parisian avenues, public works, parks, and buildings. The modern city of Paris is still very much in his image.
Example Question #5 : Urbanization
The temperance movement spread in Britain as middle-class women began to view __________.
religion as the primary moral force that could direct the lives of young men and women in a positive direction
public education as the most useful means to keeping young people honest and hard-working
alcohol as the primary cause of many social ills
social welfare as the solution to many societal imbalances
tobacco as an extremely detrimental influence on public health
alcohol as the primary cause of many social ills
The temperance movement spread around Britain in the nineteenth century as many religious leaders and middle-class women began to speak out against the evils of alcohol. Many women believed that alcohol was responsible for many of social ills such as the mistreatment of women, the idleness of some men, and the fact that so many young children were growing up on the streets or without a father. Despite early success of the temperance movement, prohibition movements never spread in Britain like they did in the United States.
Example Question #1 : Urbanization
The New Poor Laws, passed by the British government in the 1830s, were designed to __________.
shore-up support among the working class for the British monarchy
All of the other answer choices are correct.
quell revolution by granting certain voting rights to members of the British working class
provide comprehensive welfare to the working classes of urban centers during the British Industrial Revolution
reduce the spiralling cost of providing employment for the poor by making workhouses extremely unpleasant
reduce the spiralling cost of providing employment for the poor by making workhouses extremely unpleasant
Poor Laws had been common in British society since the fourteenth century and were generally designed to provide economic relief for the poorest members of British society; however, by the 1830s, the cost of maintaining Poor Laws had spiralled to the point where the elite of British society were no longer comfortable with them. The New Poor Laws were designed to dramatically reduce the cost of providing for the poor by making life in the workhouses so arduous that only the really desperate would seek aid. Unsurprisingly, they were met with widespread disdain.
Example Question #1 : Urbanization
How did the work of Louis Pasteur contribute to the development and shape of urbanization in Europe?
Pasteur founded major banks that specialized in providing financing for those looking to relocate to urban areas.
Pasteur developed new methods for paving roads, which greatly improved the transportation available to urban residents.
Pasteur built a number of schools for the poor and low-class urban dwellers in order to fight the destabilizing inequality present in urban areas.
Pasteur made many advances in architectural science that greatly contributed to the safety of urban buildings.
Pasteur pioneered the germ theory of disease, which provided a path toward understanding and preventing the epidemics that plagued tightly populated and dirty urban areas.
Pasteur pioneered the germ theory of disease, which provided a path toward understanding and preventing the epidemics that plagued tightly populated and dirty urban areas.
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) is a renowned scientist famous for developing the germ theory of disease. Pasteur discovered that microorganisms could contaminate food and water, and that these contaminations could spread diseases to humans. This discovery was of particular importance to the process of urbanization, as many of the burgeoning cities of Pasteur's era had little infrastructure to deal with waste or food safety. Pasteur's ideas proved the need for the development of public health infrastructure to bring down the dizzying death rates of urban areas due to disease. Pasteur also developed many processes for dealing with microorganisms, such as some the earliest vaccines and the eponymous process of pasteurizing food and drink via heating, pasteurization.
Example Question #4 : Urbanization
The process of curing rubber to make it more durable and malleable is called __________.
purification
pasteurization
indoctrination
vulcanization
aberration
vulcanization
The process of curing rubber is called “vulcanization.” The purpose of vulcanization is to make rubber more durable and malleable, which allows it to be used for a wider variety of purposes. The technique of vulcanization, which involves the addition of sulfur, was developed in the nineteenth century by Charles Goodyear.
Example Question #1 : Urbanization
The first attempt to regulate factory conditions in Great Britain was the passage of the Cotton Mills and Factories Act of 1819, which established __________.
a maximum ten-hour work day for children
public schooling for children younger than ten whose parents were factory workers
a maximum twelve-hour work day for children
insurance and compensation in case of injuries sustained on the job
a maximum fourteen-hour work day for women and children
a maximum twelve-hour work day for children
The nineteenth century in Britain witnessed the explosion of the Industrial Revolution, but it also witnessed the growth of a movement to reform political and social injustices exacerbated by the industrialization. The first successful attempt to regulate factory conditions was passed in 1819. It prohibited children younger than nine from working in factories and set a maximum twelve-hour work day for children aged between nine and sixteen.
Example Question #5 : Urbanization
The creation of __________ by Alfred Nobel revolutionized warfare.
the Peace Corps
the Red Cross
tanks
dynamite
weaponized chlorine gas
dynamite
In 1867 Alfred Nobel invented dynamite and in doing so revolutionized the nature and destructive capabilities of warfare. It was the first highly powerful explosive that could be safely contained and detonated when required. It allowed for rapid innovations in weaponry, particularly in artillery. Nobel is said to have been distraught at the realization of his invention and founded the Nobel Prize as a way to contribute some positive energy to the world.
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