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GRE Subject Test: Math : Functions and Graphs

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Gre Subject Test: Math

What is the domain of $\frac{x+1}{\sqrt{4-x^2}}$ ?

Possible Answers:

$x\in\mathbb{R}$

[-2,2]

$(-\infty,-2)\cup (-2,2)\cup(2,+\infty)$

$(-\infty,-2)\cup(-2,2)$

Correct answer:

$(-\infty,-2)\cup (-2,2)\cup(2,+\infty)$

Explanation:

Step 1: We need to determine what kind of function we have here. We have a rational function.

Step 2: Since we have a rational function, the denominator cannot be equal to . We will equal the denominator to and find the values of that make the bottom zero.

$\sqrt{4-x^2}=0$
Square both sides:
$(\sqrt {4-x^2})^2=0^2\rightarrow 4-x^2=0$
Add x^2 to both sides of the equal sign:

4-x^2+x^2=0+x^2
Simplify:
4=x^2
Take the square root of both sides
$\sqrt{4}=\sqrt {x^2}\rightarrow \pm2=x$

However, we said earlier that these two solutions cannot be values of x, so we must change the sign:

$\pm 2 \neq x$

Step 3: We need to write the solution in interval notation form.

The smallest number we can plug in for is $-\infty$ , and the biggest is $+\infty$ .  cannot be  and , but it can be anything else. So, we should have three intervals:

1) Between $-\infty$ and , which is written as $(-\infty,-2)$
2) Between  and , which is written as (-2,2)
3) Between  and $+\infty$ , which is written as $(2,+\infty)$

The full solution in interval notation is $(-\infty,-2)\cup (-2,2)\cup (2,+\infty)$ .

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Example Question #2 : Functions And Graphs

What is the domain of: $\sqrt{x+3}$

Possible Answers:

$[-3,+\infty)$

$(-3,+\infty)$

$(-\infty, +\infty)$

$(-\infty,-3)$

Correct answer:

$[-3,+\infty)$

Explanation:

Step 1: We have a square root here, where the inside of the radical must be greater or equal than , so we get a real answer.

Step 2: Set the inside equation greater or equal than zero...

$x+3 \ge 0$

Step 3: Solve for x...

$x \ge -3$ ... Write this in interval notation. is the leftmost boundary, infinity is the right boundary. has a bracket with it, infinity does not..

Final Answer: $[-3,+\infty)$

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Example Question #2 : Domain & Range

What is the domain and the range for this set of numbers?

$\left \{ (-4,3) (-3,3)(-2,3)(-1,3)\right \}$

Possible Answers:

domain is $\left \{ 3\right \}$ and the range is $\left \{ -4,-3,-2,-1\right \}$

domain is $\left \{ 3\right \}$ and the range is $\left \{ 3\right \}$

domain is $\left \{1,2,3,4\right \}$ and the range is $\left \{ 3\right \}$

domain is $\left \{ -4,-3,-2,-1\right \}$ and the range is $\left \{ 3\right \}$

Correct answer:

domain is $\left \{ -4,-3,-2,-1\right \}$ and the range is $\left \{ 3\right \}$

Explanation:

The domain is the set of all first elements of ordered pairs (x-coordinates). The range is the set of all second elements of ordered pairs (y-coordinates).

Given this set of ordered pairs $\left \{ (-4,3) (-3,3)(-2,3)(-1,3)\right \}$ , the

domain is $\left \{ -4,-3,-2,-1\right \}$ and the range is $\left \{ 3\right \}$ .

Note: If a value of a coordinate is repeated, it only gets listed once in the set.

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Example Question #1 : Domain & Range

The surface area of a cube is the total outside area of that cube. A cube has a side length of at least 4 inches. The surface area is a function of side length. What is the domain (side length) and the range (surface area)?

Possible Answers:

$D\left \{ s\mid s\geq 4\right \}$ ; $R\left \{ A\mid A\geq 96\right \}$

$D\left \{s\mid s\leq 4\right \}$ ; $R\left \{ A\mid A\geq 96\right \}$

$D\left \{ s\mid s\geq 4\right \}$ ; $R\left \{ A\mid A\leq 96\right \}$

$D\left \{ s\mid s\leq 4\right \}$ ; $R\left \{ A\mid A\leq 96\right \}$

Correct answer:

$D\left \{ s\mid s\geq 4\right \}$ ; $R\left \{ A\mid A\geq 96\right \}$

Explanation:

The surface area of a cube is the total outside area of that cube. The formula to find the Area of a cube is $A=6s^{2}$ .

A cube has a side length of at least inches. The surface area is a function of side length. What is the domain (side length) and the range (surface area)?

The independent variable is the length of the side. The domain consists of numbers that represent the length of sides. The problem states that the length of the sides is at least inches. So, the domain is all numbers greater than or equal to four.

$D\left \{ s\mid s\geq 4\right \}$

The range consists of the numbers that corresponds with the chosen values in a function.

To find the range, find the Area of the cube with the length of the side measuring inches; this is the smallest value that (or the side length measurement), can be equal to.

$A \geq 6 (4^{2})$

$A\geq6 (16)$

$A\geq 96$

$R\left \{ A\mid A\geq 96\right \}$

The correct answer is $D\left \{ s\mid s\geq 4\right \}$ ; $R\left \{ A\mid A\geq 96\right \}$

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Example Question #2 : Functions And Graphs

What is the domain of the function $y=-\sqrt{-3x+6}$ ?

Possible Answers:

the domain is all x> 2

the domain is all x< 2

the domain is all $x\leq 2$

the domain is all $x\geq 2$

Correct answer:

the domain is all $x\leq 2$

Explanation:

For a function defined by an expression with variable the domain of is the set of all real numbers that the variable can take such that the expression defining the function is real.

The expression defining function contains a square root.

$y=-\sqrt{-3x+6}$ .

The domain is the set of all first elements of ordered pairs or x-coordinates.

Because there cannot be a negative inside the radical sign, set the inside of the radical $\geq 0$ and solve. The expression under the radical has to satisfy the condition $-3x+6\geq 0$ for the function to take real values.

Solve:

$-3x+6\geq 0$

Subtract from both sides of the equation.

$-3x - 6 + 6 \geq 0 + -6$

$-3x \geq -6$

Divide both sides of the equation by .

$\frac{-3x}{-3} \geq \frac{-6}{-3}$

Because you are dividing both sides of the equation by a negative integer (-3) this will change the sign from $\geq$ to $\leq$ .

$x \leq 2$

The domain or d is all $x \leq 2.$

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Example Question #3 : Domain & Range

What is the range of the function $g(x) =x^{2} +8$ if the domain is $\left \{2,3,4\right \}$ ?

Possible Answers:

$\left \{ 12,17,24\right \}$

$\left \{ 12, 14, 16\right \}$

$\left \{ 2,3,4\right \}$

$\left \{-24,-17,-12\right \}$

Correct answer:

$\left \{ 12,17,24\right \}$

Explanation:

The domain is the set of all first elements of ordered pairs (x-coordinates). The range is the set of all second elements of ordered pairs (y-coordinates).

The domain, or all values of $\left \{ 2,3,4\right \}$ .

In order to get the range or all values of insert the given values of (the domain) into the equation y=x+8 and solve for (the range).

$y = 2^{2} +8 = 4+8 = 12$

$y =3^{2} +8 = 9+8 = 17$

$y = 4^{2} + 8 = 16+ 8 =24$

The range for the function with the domain of $\left \{ 2,3,4\right \}$ is

$\left \{ 12,17,24\right \}$ .

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Example Question #4 : Functions And Graphs

What is the domain and range for this graph?

Coordinateplane02

Possible Answers:

The domain is $\left \{0,1,2,3,4\right \}$ ; the range is $\left \{ -2,-1,0,1,2\right \}$ .

The domain is $\left \{-2, -1,0,1,2\right \}$ ; the range is $\left \{1,2,3,4\right \}$ .

The domain is $\left \{-2,-1, 0, 1, 2\right \}$ ; the range is $\left \{0,1,2,3,4\right \}$ .

The domain is $\left \{ 0,1,2\right \}$ ; the range is $\left \{-1,0,2,3,4\right \}$ .

Correct answer:

The domain is $\left \{-2,-1, 0, 1, 2\right \}$ ; the range is $\left \{0,1,2,3,4\right \}$ .

Explanation:

The ordered pairs represented on the graph are: $\left \{ (0,2), (1,3), (2,4), (-1,1), (-2,0)\right \}$

Coordinateplane02

The domain is the set of all first elements of ordered pairs (x-coordinates). The range is the set of all second elements of ordered pairs (y-coordinates).

The domain is $\left \{-2,-1, 0, 1, 2\right \}$ ; the range is $\left \{0,1,2,3,4\right \}$ .

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Example Question #1 : Domain & Range

Find the domain for the function $f(x) = \sqrt{2x-10}$ ?

Possible Answers:

the domain is all $x\leq 5$

the domain is all x< 5

the domain is all $x\geq 5$

the domain is all x> 5

Correct answer:

the domain is all $x\geq 5$

Explanation:

For a function defined by an expression with variable the domain of is the set of all real numbers that the variable can take such that the expression defining the function is real.

The expression defining function $f(x) = \sqrt{2x-10}$ contains a square root. The expression under the radical has to satisfy the condition $2x-10\geq 0$ for the function to take real values.

Solve $2x-10\geq 0$

Add to both sides of the equation.

$2x-10 +10\geq 0+10$

$2x\geq 10$

Divide both sides by .

$2x\div2 \geq10\div2$

The domain is all $x\geq5.$

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Example Question #1 : Domain & Range

Find the domain and the range of the inverse of a relation with this set of coordinates:

$\left \{ (0,1) (2,3) (-2,-3) (4,1) \right \}$

Possible Answers:

The domain is $\left \{ -3,1,3\right \}$ and the range is $\left \{-2, 0,2,4\right \}$ .

The domain is $\left \{ -3,1,3\right \}$ and the range is $\left \{ 0,2,4\right \}$ .

The domain is $\left \{1,3\right \}$ and the range is $\left \{-2, 0,2,4\right \}$ .

The domain is $\left \{ -2,0,2,4\right \}$ and the range is $\left \{-3,1,3\right \}$ .

Correct answer:

The domain is $\left \{ -3,1,3\right \}$ and the range is $\left \{-2, 0,2,4\right \}$ .

Explanation:

To find the domain and the range of the inverse of a relation with this set of coordinates, first find the domain and range of the set of coordinates given.

The domain is all of the -coordinates and the range is all of the -coordinates. Remember, if a coordinate is the same, it is only listed once.

The domain of $\left \{ (0,1) (2,3) (-2,-3) (4,1) \right \}$ is

$\left \{ -2,0,2,4\right \}$ and the range is $\left \{ -3,1,3 \right \}$ .

However, the question is asking for the domain and the range of the inverse. So, the values of (the domain) will now become the values of , (the range) and the values of (the range) will become the values of , or the domain.

The domain for the inverse is $\left \{ -3,1,3\right \}$ and the range is $\left \{-2, 0,2,4\right \}$ .

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Example Question #3 : Gre Subject Test: Math

What is the range of the function $f(x) = x^{2} -3$ , when the domain is $\left \{ -3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3\right \}$ ?

Possible Answers:

$\left \{ -3,-2,-1,6\right \}$

$\left \{-3,-2,1,6\right \}$

$\left \{ 1,2,3,6\right \}$

$\left \{ -6,-3,-2,-1\right \}$

Correct answer:

$\left \{-3,-2,1,6\right \}$

Explanation:

The domain is the set of all first elements of ordered pairs (x-coordinates). The range is the set of all second elements of ordered pairs (y-coordinates).

$f(x) = x^{2} -3$ domain or values of $\left \{ -3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3\right \}$

Plug all of the values of that have been given into the equation

$y=x^{2} -3$

$y=-3^{2} -3 = 9-3 =6$

$y = -2^{2} -3 = 4-3=1$

$y =-1^{2} -3 = 1-3 = -2$

$y = 0^{2} -3 = 0-3 = -3$

$y = 1^{2} - 3 = 1-3=-2$

$y= 2^{2} -3 = 4-3=1$

$y = 3^{2} - 3 = 9-3=6$

Even though some of the values of are repeated, they are only listed once in the set..

The range, or all values of for the function are

$\left \{-3,-2,1,6\right \}$ .

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GRE Subject Test: Math : Functions and Graphs

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GRE Subject Test: Math

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Example Question #1 : Domain & Range

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