Human Anatomy and Physiology : Help with Neural Proteins and Hormones

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Human Anatomy and Physiology

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Example Questions

Example Question #31 : General Neuron Physiology

Which gland secretes melatonin?

Possible Answers:

Thalamus

Hypothalamus

Pineal 

Pituitary

Correct answer:

Pineal 

Explanation:

The pineal gland secretes melatonin, it is also thought to have some role in regulating the pituitary gland. The thalamus is the center of pain perception and does not secrete hormones. The pituitary gland, also known as the "master gland" secretes many hormones except for melatonin, some example secretions are thyroid stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and growth hormone. Lastly, the hypothalamus secretes tropic hormones that regulate the activity of other glands.

Example Question #32 : General Neuron Physiology

Which of the following describes a major function of the limbic system?

Possible Answers:

Basic life support control

Processes auditory signals

Area of higher thinking 

Contains glands which help relay emotions

Correct answer:

Contains glands which help relay emotions

Explanation:

The limbic system includes the amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and thalamus. Each of these structures secretes hormones that assist in processing emotions such as fear, and anger. The brainstem is responsible for basic life support. The cerebrum is the area dedicated to higher thinking. Lastly, the parietal lobes are where auditory signals are processed and they contain the primary somatosensory cortex. 

Example Question #33 : General Neuron Physiology

What is the main effect of melatonin on the body?

Possible Answers:

 Controls cortisol release

Controls metabolism of glucose

Controls the circadian rhythm

Assists digestion

Correct answer:

Controls the circadian rhythm

Explanation:

Melatonin is the hormone secreted by the pineal gland, it controls the circardian rhythm and is responsible for feeling sleepy. Corticotropin, released by the adrenal cortex is associated with cortisol release. Insulin is the most notable hormone associated with glucose metabolism and is released by the pancreas. Gastrin, cholecystokinin, and secretin assist digestion. 

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