ACT Math : Percentage

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for ACT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Percentage

We asked 1000 people their preferences of movie genres. 7.5% of those asked preferred horror movies, 35% preferred romantic films, 20% preferred dramas and 37.5% preferred comedies. How many people liked horror films?

Possible Answers:

75

35

37.5

7.5

750

Correct answer:

75

Explanation:

People who prefer horror films = 1000 people x 7.5% = 1000 x 0.075 = 75 people

Example Question #1161 : Act Math

There are 20 students in a class. 35 percent of the students in the class are boys. What fraction of the class is girls? 

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{13}{20}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{35}{100}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{20}{35}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{7}{20}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{20}{20}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{13}{20}\)

Explanation:

There are 20 total students in the class. 35% of 20 is 7. There are 7 boys in the class.

\(\displaystyle 20-7=13\) girls in the class.

Example Question #1 : How To Find A Fraction From A Percentage

Which of the following represents \(\displaystyle 64\%\) as a fraction?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{64}{1000}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{100}{64}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{32}{25}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{6}{10}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{16}{25}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{16}{25}\)

Explanation:

To represent a percentage as a fraction, keep the percentage in the numerator and put \(\displaystyle 100\) in the denominator.

Therefore: 

\(\displaystyle 64\%\) \(\displaystyle =\frac{64}{100}=\frac{32}{50}=\frac{16}{25}\)

Example Question #4 : Percentage

Which of the following fractions is equivalent to \(\displaystyle 462 \%\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 4 \frac{18}{25}\)

\(\displaystyle 4 \frac{31}{50}\)

\(\displaystyle 3 \frac{18}{25}\)

\(\displaystyle 3 \frac{4}{5}\)

\(\displaystyle 5 \frac{2}{5}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 4 \frac{31}{50}\)

Explanation:

To convert an integer percentage into an improper fraction, set the percentage as a fraction over \(\displaystyle 100\) and simplify as far as you can. At that point, simply convert the improper fraction into a mixed fraction.

\(\displaystyle 462 \% = \frac{462}{100} = \frac{231}{50} = 4 \frac{31}{50}\)

Example Question #1 : Percentage

A politician promises to spend up to \(\displaystyle 26.8 \%\) of his budget on improving roads. Which of the following is closest to the fraction of their budget the politician must devote to road improvement?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{45}{193}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{123}{250}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{67}{250}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{12}{37}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{77}{177}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{67}{250}\)

Explanation:

To convert a decimal percentage into a fraction, first convert it to a decimal:

\(\displaystyle 26.8 \% = .268\)

Now, set ths as a fraction with \(\displaystyle 1.0\) as the denominator (expanding to as many significant digits as you need to line the fraction up):

\(\displaystyle 26.8 \% = \frac{.268}{1.000} = \frac{268 }{1000}\)

Now just reduce your fraction!

\(\displaystyle \frac{268}{1000} = \frac{134}{500} = \frac{67}{250}\)

Example Question #1 : Percentage

Convert to a fraction: \(\displaystyle (5x) \%\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{x}{5}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{x}{20}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{20x}{5}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{50x}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{5}{x}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{x}{20}\)

Explanation:

To convert a percentage to a fraction, divide the percentage by 100, then simplify. The presence of a variable does not significantly affect this process.

\(\displaystyle (5x) \% = \frac{5x}{100} = \frac{1x}{20} = \frac{x}{20}\)

Example Question #1 : How To Find Percentage From A Fraction

Luke went to the grocery store. It took him 15 minutes to drive to the store from his house, 30 minutes to shop, 5 minutes to put groceries in his car, and 20 minutes to drive home due to traffic.

What percentage of the trip did Luke spend inside his car?

Possible Answers:

45%

15%

50%

75%

35%

Correct answer:

50%

Explanation:

You take 15 + 20 = 35 minutes as total time spent in the car.

Then, you take 15 + 20 + 5 + 30 = 70 minutes as total trip time.

We take (35/70) x 100% = 50%

Example Question #2 : Percentage

There are 300 sandwiches at a company-wide picnic. If half of the sandwiches are tuna, and the provider mistakenly uses expired tuna in three-fifths of those sandwiches, what percentage of total sandwiches still remain edible?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 60\%\)

\(\displaystyle 40\%\)

\(\displaystyle 80\%\)

\(\displaystyle 70\%\)

 

\(\displaystyle 30\%\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 70\%\)

 

Explanation:

This multi-part question makes use of both fractions and percentages, as well as some tricky language if you are not paying close attention.

First off, determine what three-fifths of the 150 tuna sandwiches is:

\(\displaystyle 150 \cdot (\frac{3}{5}) = 90\)

Now, refer back to the question, which asks how many TOTAL sandwiches (tuna and non-tuna) still remain edible. This is simple arithmetic.

\(\displaystyle 300 - 90 = 210\)

Finally, find what percentage this equals:

\(\displaystyle \frac{210}{300} = 0.7=70\%\)

 

 

Example Question #3 : Percentage

Express the fraction \(\displaystyle \frac{7}{25}\) as a percentage.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 2.8\%\)

\(\displaystyle 25\%\)

\(\displaystyle 7\%\)

\(\displaystyle 30\%\)

\(\displaystyle 28\%\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 28\%\)

Explanation:

Converting a fraction to a percentage can be done in two ways.  The first way involves recalling that a percent is just a fraction of 100 (per cent).  Therefore, the percent equivalent to \(\displaystyle \frac{7}{25}\) is the numerator of the equivalent fraction whose denominator is 100.  In order to convert \(\displaystyle \frac{7}{25}\) to a fraction over 100, I need to multiply the numerator and denominator each by 4.

\(\displaystyle \frac{7}{25}\cdot \frac{4}{4}=\frac{28}{100}\)

Therefore, our answer is 28%.

 

The other approach is to convert the fraction to a decimal first by dividing 7 by 25.

\(\displaystyle 7\div25=0.28\)

To convert a decimal to a percent, just shift the decimal point two places to the right.

\(\displaystyle 0.28=28\%\)

With this method, our answer is again 28%.

Example Question #1 : Percentage

Convert to a percentage: \(\displaystyle \frac{3a}{2a^2}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 1.5^a \%\)

\(\displaystyle 300a^{2} \%\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{3^a}{2^a} \%\)

\(\displaystyle a^{1.5} \%\)

\(\displaystyle 150a^{-1} \%\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 150a^{-1} \%\)

Explanation:

Despite the presence of a variable, the rule remains the same: To convert a fraction to a percentage, multiply the numerator by 100 and solve the fraction.

\(\displaystyle \frac{3a}{2a^2} = (\frac{300a}{2a^2}) = 150a^{-1} \%\)

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