AP Latin : Vocabulary in Prose Passages

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Latin

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Vocabulary In Prose Passages

 In nova fert animus mutatas dicere formas
corpora; di, coeptis (nam vos mutastis et illas)
adspirate meis primaque ab origine mundi
ad mea perpetuum deducite tempora carmen!
     Ante mare et terras et quod tegit omnia caelum               5
unus erat toto naturae vultus in orbe,
quem dixere chaos: rudis indigestaque moles
nec quicquam nisi pondus iners congestaque eodem
non bene iunctarum discordia semina rerum.
nullus adhuc mundo praebebat lumina Titan,                         10
nec nova crescendo reparabat cornua Phoebe,
nec circumfuso pendebat in aere tellus
ponderibus librata suis, nec bracchia longo
margine terrarum porrexerat Amphitrite;
utque erat et tellus illic et pontus et aer,                               15
sic erat instabilis tellus, innabilis unda,
lucis egens aer; nulli sua forma manebat,
obstabatque aliis aliud, quia corpore in uno
frigida pugnabant calidis, umentia siccis,
mollia cum duris, sine pondere, habentia pondus.                  20

What is the translation of "mundi" in line 3?

Possible Answers:

From the mountain

To the end

Of time

Of the world

Correct answer:

Of the world

Explanation:

The word "mundi" comes form "mundus, mundi," one of the words in Latin for the world/universe/heavens.

(Passage adapted from Metamorphoses by Ovid, ln.1-20)

Example Question #1 : Vocabulary In Prose Passages

 In nova fert animus mutatas dicere formas
corpora; di, coeptis (nam vos mutastis et illas)
adspirate meis primaque ab origine mundi
ad mea perpetuum deducite tempora carmen!
     Ante mare et terras et quod tegit omnia caelum               5
unus erat toto naturae vultus in orbe,
quem dixere chaos: rudis indigestaque moles
nec quicquam nisi pondus iners congestaque eodem
non bene iunctarum discordia semina rerum.
nullus adhuc mundo praebebat lumina Titan,                         10
nec nova crescendo reparabat cornua Phoebe,
nec circumfuso pendebat in aere tellus
ponderibus librata suis, nec bracchia longo
margine terrarum porrexerat Amphitrite;
utque erat et tellus illic et pontus et aer,                               15
sic erat instabilis tellus, innabilis unda,
lucis egens aer; nulli sua forma manebat,
obstabatque aliis aliud, quia corpore in uno
frigida pugnabant calidis, umentia siccis,
mollia cum duris, sine pondere, habentia pondus.                  20

What is the meaning of "semina" (line 9)?

Possible Answers:

Seeds

Important

Young

New

Correct answer:

Seeds

Explanation:

The word "semina" comes from "semen, seminis" and means seeds. It is a third declension, neuter word.

(Passage adapted from Metamorphoses by Ovid, ln.1-20)

Example Question #2 : Vocabulary In Prose Passages

Primus amor Phoebi Daphne Peneia, quem non
fors ignara dedit, sed saeva Cupidinis ira,
Delius hunc nuper, victa serpente superbus,
viderat adducto flectentem cornua nervo              
'quid' que 'tibi, lascive puer, cum fortibus armis?'               5
dixerat: 'ista decent umeros gestamina nostros,
qui dare certa ferae, dare vulnera possumus hosti,
qui modo pestifero tot iugera ventre prementem
stravimus innumeris tumidum Pythona sagittis.               
tu face nescio quos esto contentus amores                       10
inritare tua, nec laudes adsere nostras!'
filius huic Veneris 'figat tuus omnia, Phoebe,
te meus arcus' ait; 'quantoque animalia cedunt
cuncta deo, tanto minor est tua gloria nostra.'

The word "fors" (line 2) translates as __________.

Possible Answers:

you speak

strong

unlucky

chance

Correct answer:

chance

Explanation:

The word "fors" comes from "fors, fortis," which means chance, luck, fortune, or accident

(Passage adapted from Metamorphoses by Ovid, 1.452-465)

Example Question #3 : Vocabulary In Prose Passages

Primus amor Phoebi Daphne Peneia, quem non
fors ignara dedit, sed saeva Cupidinis ira,
Delius hunc nuper, victa serpente superbus,
viderat adducto flectentem cornua nervo              
'quid' que 'tibi, lascive puer, cum fortibus armis?'               5
dixerat: 'ista decent umeros gestamina nostros,
qui dare certa ferae, dare vulnera possumus hosti,
qui modo pestifero tot iugera ventre prementem
stravimus innumeris tumidum Pythona sagittis.               
tu face nescio quos esto contentus amores                       10
inritare tua, nec laudes adsere nostras!'
filius huic Veneris 'figat tuus omnia, Phoebe,
te meus arcus' ait; 'quantoque animalia cedunt
cuncta deo, tanto minor est tua gloria nostra.'

How does "decent" (line 6) translate as __________.

Possible Answers:

these wild . . .

be decent

they are fitting

they favor

Correct answer:

they are fitting

Explanation:

The word "decent" comes from "decet, decere, decuit." This word is generally seen only in the third person singular or plural form and is an example of an impersonal verb. It means to be fitting or appropriate.

(Passage adapted from Metamorphoses by Ovid, 1.452-465)

Example Question #4 : Vocabulary In Prose Passages

Primus amor Phoebi Daphne Peneia, quem non
fors ignara dedit, sed saeva Cupidinis ira,
Delius hunc nuper, victa serpente superbus,
viderat adducto flectentem cornua nervo              
'quid' que 'tibi, lascive puer, cum fortibus armis?'               5
dixerat: 'ista decent umeros gestamina nostros,
qui dare certa ferae, dare vulnera possumus hosti,
qui modo pestifero tot iugera ventre prementem
stravimus innumeris tumidum Pythona sagittis.               
tu face nescio quos esto contentus amores                       10
inritare tua, nec laudes adsere nostras!'
filius huic Veneris 'figat tuus omnia, Phoebe,
te meus arcus' ait; 'quantoque animalia cedunt
cuncta deo, tanto minor est tua gloria nostra.'

The word "sagittis" (line 9) translates as which of the following?

Possible Answers:

With arrows

With arms

With cudgels

With blades

Correct answer:

With arrows

Explanation:

The word "sagittis" comes from "sagitta, sagittae"—arrows. Furthermore, you should know that both Apollo and Cupid's weapon of choice are bows and arrows.

(Passage adapted from Metamorphoses by Ovid, 1.452-465)

Example Question #5 : Vocabulary In Prose Passages

Primus amor Phoebi Daphne Peneia, quem non
fors ignara dedit, sed saeva Cupidinis ira,
Delius hunc nuper, victa serpente superbus,
viderat adducto flectentem cornua nervo              
'quid' que 'tibi, lascive puer, cum fortibus armis?'               5
dixerat: 'ista decent umeros gestamina nostros,
qui dare certa ferae, dare vulnera possumus hosti,
qui modo pestifero tot iugera ventre prementem
stravimus innumeris tumidum Pythona sagittis.               
tu face nescio quos esto contentus amores                       10
inritare tua, nec laudes adsere nostras!'
filius huic Veneris 'figat tuus omnia, Phoebe,
te meus arcus' ait; 'quantoque animalia cedunt
cuncta deo, tanto minor est tua gloria nostra.'

The word "ait" (line 13) translates as which of the following?

Possible Answers:

He said

He called

He explained

He shouted

Correct answer:

He said

Explanation:

The word "ait" is a synonym of "inquit" and simply translates as to say.

(Passage adapted from Metamorphoses by Ovid, 1.452-465)

Example Question #3 : Prose

Saepe pater dixit: 'generum mihi, filia, debes,'
saepe pater dixit: 'debes mihi, nata, nepotes';
illa velut crimen taedas exosa iugales
pulchra verecundo suffuderat ora rubore
inque patris blandis haerens cervice lacertis                       5
'da mihi perpetua, genitor carissime,' dixit
'virginitate frui! dedit hoc pater ante Dianae.'
ille quidem obsequitur, sed te decor iste quod optas
esse vetat, votoque tuo tua forma repugnat:
Phoebus amat visaeque cupit conubia Daphnes,                 10
quodque cupit, sperat, suaque illum oracula fallunt,
utque leves stipulae demptis adolentur aristis,
ut facibus saepes ardent, quas forte viator
vel nimis admovit vel iam sub luce reliquit,
sic deus in flammas abiit, sic pectore toto                          15
uritur et sterilem sperando nutrit amorem.

The word "taedas" (line 3) translates as which of the following?

Possible Answers:

Ties

Gifts

Torches

Trials

Correct answer:

Torches

Explanation:

The word "taedas" comes form "taeda, taedae," which means torches.

(Adapted from Metamorphoses by Ovid, 1.481-496)

Example Question #6 : Vocabulary In Prose Passages

saepe pater dixit: 'generum mihi, filia, debes,'
saepe pater dixit: 'debes mihi, nata, nepotes';
illa velut crimen taedas exosa iugales
pulchra verecundo suffuderat ora rubore
inque patris blandis haerens cervice lacertis                       5
'da mihi perpetua, genitor carissime,' dixit
'virginitate frui! dedit hoc pater ante Dianae.'
ille quidem obsequitur, sed te decor iste quod optas
esse vetat, votoque tuo tua forma repugnat:
Phoebus amat visaeque cupit conubia Daphnes,                 10
quodque cupit, sperat, suaque illum oracula fallunt,
utque leves stipulae demptis adolentur aristis,
ut facibus saepes ardent, quas forte viator
vel nimis admovit vel iam sub luce reliquit,
sic deus in flammas abiit, sic pectore toto                          15
uritur et sterilem sperando nutrit amorem.

The word "nimis" (line 14) translates as which of the following?

Possible Answers:

Too much

No one

Nothing

Deep

Correct answer:

Too much

Explanation:

The word "nimis" is an adverb that means too much.

(Adapted from Metamorphoses by Ovid, 1.481-496)

Example Question #7 : Vocabulary In Prose Passages

Praebuerat dictis Tritonia talibus aures
carminaque Aonidum iustamque probaverat iram;
tum secum: 'laudare parum est, laudemur et ipsae
numina nec sperni sine poena nostra sinamus.'
Maeoniaeque animum fatis intendit Arachnes,             5
quam sibi lanificae non cedere laudibus artis
audierat. non illa loco nec origine gentis
clara, sed arte fuit: pater huic Colophonius Idmon
Phocaico bibulas tinguebat murice lanas;
occiderat mater, sed et haec de plebe suoque            10
aequa viro fuerat; Lydas tamen illa per urbes
quaesierat studio nomen memorabile, quamvis
orta domo parva parvis habitabat Hypaepis.
huius ut adspicerent opus admirabile, saepe
deseruere sui nymphae vineta Timoli,                       15
deseruere suas nymphae Pactolides undas.

The word "numina" (line 4) means __________.

Possible Answers:

names

ghosts

numbers

gods

Correct answer:

gods

Explanation:

The word "numina" comes from "numen, numinis" and refers to divinities or gods.

(Passage adapted from Metamorphoses by Ovid, VI.1-16)

Example Question #8 : Vocabulary In Prose Passages

Praebuerat dictis Tritonia talibus aures
carminaque Aonidum iustamque probaverat iram;
tum secum: 'laudare parum est, laudemur et ipsae
numina nec sperni sine poena nostra sinamus.'
Maeoniaeque animum fatis intendit Arachnes,             5
quam sibi lanificae non cedere laudibus artis
audierat. non illa loco nec origine gentis
clara, sed arte fuit: pater huic Colophonius Idmon
Phocaico bibulas tinguebat murice lanas;
occiderat mater, sed et haec de plebe suoque            10
aequa viro fuerat; Lydas tamen illa per urbes
quaesierat studio nomen memorabile, quamvis
orta domo parva parvis habitabat Hypaepis.
huius ut adspicerent opus admirabile, saepe
deseruere sui nymphae vineta Timoli,                       15
deseruere suas nymphae Pactolides undas.

How does "artis" (line 6) translate?

Possible Answers:

Of the skill

With skills

The arts

The picture

Correct answer:

Of the skill

Explanation:

The word "artis" comes from "ars, artis" and is the word for a skill.

(Passage adapted from Metamorphoses by Ovid, VI.1-16)

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