GRE Subject Test: Biochemistry, Cell, and Molecular Biology : Help with Endoplasmic Reticulum Function

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GRE Subject Test: Biochemistry, Cell, and Molecular Biology

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Endoplasmic Reticulum And Golgi Apparatus

Which of the following is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Possible Answers:

Ribosome production

Protein synthesis

Triglyceride production

Macromolecule digestion 

Correct answer:

Triglyceride production

Explanation:

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes on its surface, meaning it does not participate in protein translation. It does play a key role in the production of various lipids, such as phospholipids and triglycerides.

Example Question #31 : Cell Biology

Where in the cell does new membrane synthesis take place?

Possible Answers:

In the ribosomes

In the mitochondria

In the endoplasmic reticulum

In the Golgi apparatus

In the lysosome

Correct answer:

In the endoplasmic reticulum

Explanation:

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the cellular organelle responsible for membrane synthesis. Products from the ER are moved to the Golgi, where they are tagged and shipped off to their final destination. Lysosomes are important for degradation and ribosomes play a role in translation. Mitochondria are for energy production in the form of ATP.

Example Question #41 : Cellular Structures And Functions

Which of the following organelles has the function of storing intracellular calcium?

Possible Answers:

Lysosome

Golgi complex

Endoplasmic reticulum 

Autophagosome

Nucleolus

Correct answer:

Endoplasmic reticulum 

Explanation:

The endoplasmic reticulum, while crucial to protein synthesis, is also an intracellular calcium storage organelle, and calcium can be released in response to signaling cascades as needed. None of the other organelles listed participates in storage of calcium.

All GRE Subject Test: Biochemistry, Cell, and Molecular Biology Resources

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