Human Anatomy and Physiology : Help with Excretory Injuries and Disorders

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Human Anatomy and Physiology

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Injuries And Disorders

What disease features a build up of uric acid that leads to monosodium urate crystals in tissue?

Possible Answers:

Gout

Asthma

Ebola

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Correct answer:

Gout

Explanation:

Gout is a rheumatic disease that features monosodium urate crystals in tissue as the result of excess levels of uric acid in the blood stream. This can be caused by over or under excretion of uric acid. Gout can be both acute or chronic. Obesity, alcohol consumption, meat-rich diets, and poor kidney function are all risk factors. Ebola is an infectious virus that causes hemorrhagic fever. Asthma is a form of COPD (the other is chronic bronchitis), and is characterized by bronchoconstriction, causing difficulty breathing, especially when exhaling.

Example Question #2 : Injuries And Disorders

Due to a pathological heart condition (abnormal heart activity, i.e., congestive heart failure), which of the following changes will be observed? 

Possible Answers:

Hypercalcemia

Hyponatremia

Hypocalcemia

None of the other answers

Hypernatremia

Correct answer:

Hypernatremia

Explanation:

Hypernatremia. A pathological heart, is a heart that is not functioning properly. The kidneys rely heavily upon the heart for their perfusion and alteration to their perfusion will cause the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Thus, a pathological heart, which cannot adequately perfuse the kidneys with blood, will lead to the activation of the RAAS, causing hypernatremia (from increased aldosterone levels).

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