The Elephantine papyri are a collection of brief papyri written in Aramaic by the Jewish community of Elephantine, on the Nile in Upper Egypt. They were written over a long period, but especially during the 5th century BCE, and it is likely that the Jewish community of Elephantine originated as an Israelite garrison which was sent centuries earlier by the King of Judah in order to assist its weak Egyptian ally against incursions from the Nubians. The papyri show that the Elephantine Jews worshiped the Israelite god Yahweh but within a polytheistic Egyptian setting and constructed their own temple to Yahweh at Elephantine, while still keeping in close contact with the Jews of the Land of Israel and sending contributions to the Jerusalem Temple. The other answers roughly correspond  to the Great Hymn to the Aten (commissioned by Pharaoh Akhenaten), the Book of the Dead (the funerary texts), the Amarna letters (the diplomatic correspondence) and the Great Karnak Inscription (Merneptah's narration of his battles against the Sea Peoples).

The Battle of Megiddo was fought in the seventh century BCE, between the forces of Egypt (led by Necho II) and the Kingdom of Judah. It was part of a larger war between Assyria and the Neo-Babylonian Empire. The Battle of Megiddo ended in victory for the Egyptians and allowed Necho II to claim the Kingdom of Judah as a vassal state.

The Brooklyn Papyrus is an ancient medical text dating from around 450 BCE. It is significant as one of the oldest existing medical documents, and it systematically described different types of snakes, then provided possible remedies for the bite of each. It also has remedies for spider and scorpion bites. The means of curing the snakebites included practical remedies as well as spells to be performed by a healing priest. 

The Earl of Carnarvon funded an archaeological expedition in Egypt in the early twentieth century. It was on this expedition that the legendary tomb of Tutankhamun was found and opened. The Earl died shortly after, which encouraged the spread of the “curse of the mummy” in popular culture. The “curse of the mummy” suggests that anyone who opens a dead Pharaoh’s tomb risks incurring the wrath of the deceased and will certainly die shortly thereafter.

The Battle of Carchemish was fought in 605 BCE between the combined forces of Egypt and Assyria against the combined forces of Babylon, Persia, and the Medes. The Egyptian forces were led by Necho II, an Assyrian puppet ruler. The Egyptian forces were completely destroyed and the Assyrian Empire was obliterated.

The vast majority of surviving royal palaces were built either during the New Kingdom, the Third Intermediate Period, or the Late Period. Egyptologists speculate that royal palaces were commonly built during the Old and Middle Kingdoms, but that they have left behind little in the way of archaeological evidence. Much of our knowledge about the lives of Egyptian rulers and their subjects comes from excavations carried out on royal palaces.

Ancient Egyptian society is rightfully lauded by modern historians for its many cultural and scientific achievements, all of which were made possible by the Empire’s long periods of economic and political stability. The most well-known of Ancient Egypt’s advancements is, undoubtedly, mummification (aka the process of preserving a dead body through the careful removal of the body’s organs and fluids). Other notable Ancient Egyptian accomplishments include the development of: a numerical system, a hieroglyphic writing system, a system of keeping time, and a technique of creating papyrus (an early form of paper) out of river weeds. The Ancient Egyptians also invented door locks and eye makeup, as well as a complex system of legal courts and criminal justice laws.

The ancient Egyptian practice of incubation emerged during the Late Period. The practice of incubation involved an ancient Egyptian individual sleeping in a temple complex overnight. The individual expected to be visited in his sleep by God. It was expected that God would pass on a prophetic message.

A good deal of our understanding about ancient Egyptian culture and religious practices comes from the writings of the ancient Greek historian, Herodotus. Herodotus visited Egypt during the Late Period and wrote extensively about its history. Embalming was a part of the mummification process and is thought to have usually lasted around seventy days.

This image shows a Roman-style portrait of a young man that replaces the sculpted funerary masks of older mummified individuals. This is seen in the large eyes, idealized features, and position of the head that all point to conventions typical of Roman portraits.

Image is in the public domain, accessed through Wikipedia Media Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fayum-71.jpg