This question is applying mathematical and more specifically, geometric definitions to describe a real life situation. Geometric definitions usually correspond to objects in the 2 dimensional plane or 3 dimensional surface. Since the basket ball is the object in question, this problem is dealing with a the 3 dimensional space.

From here, recall what is given

"A basketball player is able to perfectly spin a basketball on his index finger."

The index finger in this particular situation is acting as an axis for the basketball. Since the basketball is spinning and is maintaining its shape and size, this is considered a "rotation" in geometry.

Therefore, the correct answer is

"The basketball is in rotation"

To answer this question first recall the different geometric definitions that correspond to the listed possible answer choices.

Translation: To move an object from its original position a certain distance without changing the object in any other way.

Transformation: Refers to any of the four changes that can be done to an object geographically. Transformations include, reflections, translations, rotations, and resizing the object.

Reflection: To flip the orientation of an object over a specific line or function.

Rotation: To rotate an object either clockwise or counter clockwise around a center point.

Looking at the given situation,

"A trolley car is attached to metal ground rails that go from the most southern block in a city to the most northern block of that same city. If the trolley starts at the south end and moves all the way to the northern end, what type of geometric expression does this situation define?"

it can be seen that the trolley is not changing shape, it is not rotating nor reflecting. It is however, moving a certain distance from its starting position thus the definition of a translation and a transformation.

To answer this question first recall the different geometric definitions.

Translation: To move an object from its original position a certain distance without changing the object in any other way.

Transformation: Refers to any of the four changes that can be done to an object geographically. Transformations include, reflections, translations, rotations, and resizing the object.

Reflection: To flip the orientation of an object over a specific line or function.

Rotation: To rotate an object either clockwise or counter clockwise around a center point.

Since dilation is when an object changes size, that means dilation is a type of transformation.

To answer this question first recall the different geometric definitions that correspond to the listed possible answer choices.

Translation: To move an object from its original position a certain distance without changing the object in any other way.

Transformation: Refers to any of the four changes that can be done to an object geographically. Transformations include, reflections, translations, rotations, and resizing the object.

Reflection: To flip the orientation of an object over a specific line or function.

Rotation: To rotate an object either clockwise or counter clockwise around a center point.

Now, examine the given image and choose the appropriate answer.

Looking at the red rectangle it is seen that the coordinate points of the vertices are:

The coordinate points of the vertices for the black triangle are:

Therefore, the red rectangle is being reflected over the  axis or it is being slide up four units. Thus, the correct answer is both a reflection and a translation.

To answer this question first recall the different geometric definitions that correspond to the listed possible answer choices.

Translation: To move an object from its original position a certain distance without changing the object in any other way.

Transformation: Refers to any of the four changes that can be done to an object geographically. Transformations include, reflections, translations, rotations, and resizing the object.

Reflection: To flip the orientation of an object over a specific line or function.

Rotation: To rotate an object either clockwise or counter clockwise around a center point.

Now, examine the given image and choose the appropriate answer.

First, it is clear to see that the black polygon is larger than the red polygon. Therefore, a transformation has occurred since the original image has been resized. Also, the black polygon is in quadrant one while the red polygon is in quadrant three, therefore a slide or translation has occurred.

Thus the correct answer is,

"Transformation and Translation"

To answer this question first recall the different geometric definitions that correspond to the listed possible answer choices.

Translation: To move an object from its original position a certain distance without changing the object in any other way.

Transformation: Refers to any of the four changes that can be done to an object geographically. Transformations include, reflections, translations, rotations, and resizing the object.

Reflection: To flip the orientation of an object over a specific line or function.

Rotation: To rotate an object either clockwise or counter clockwise around a center point.

Now, examine the given image and choose the appropriate answer.

First, it is clear to see that the black circle is smaller than the red circle. Therefore, a transformation has occurred since the original image has been resized. Since it is stated that the centers of the circles are the same it can be concluded that only a resizing has occurred.

Thus the correct answer is,

"Transformation"

To answer this question first recall the different geometric definitions that correspond to the listed possible answer choices.

Translation: To move an object from its original position a certain distance without changing the object in any other way.

Transformation: Refers to any of the four changes that can be done to an object geographically. Transformations include, reflections, translations, rotations, and resizing the object.

Reflection: To flip the orientation of an object over a specific line or function.

Rotation: To rotate an object either clockwise or counter clockwise around a center point.

Now look at the specific event in this problem.

"When a person's palm is faced down on a desk and that person then flips their hand over, their palm can be described as a reflection."

Even though reflection is known as the "flipping" of an object it does not describe this situation because the palm of someones hand has different characteristics than the top of the hand therefore, the statement in this particular problem in false.

To answer this question first recall the different geometric definitions.

Translation: To move an object from its original position a certain distance without changing the object in any other way.

Transformation: Refers to any of the four changes that can be done to an object geographically. Transformations include, reflections, translations, rotations, and resizing the object.

Reflection: To flip the orientation of an object over a specific line or function.

Rotation: To rotate or turn an object either clockwise or counter clockwise around a center point.

Therefore, the English term that best represents rotation is "turn".

To answer this question first recall the different geometric definitions.

Translation: To move an object from its original position a certain distance without changing the object in any other way.

Transformation: Refers to any of the four changes that can be done to an object geographically. Transformations include, reflections, translations, rotations, and resizing the object.

Reflection: To flip the orientation of an object over a specific line or function.

Rotation: To rotate an object either clockwise or counter clockwise around a center point.

Therefore, the English term that best represents reflection is "flip".

To answer this question first recall the different geometric definitions.

Translation: To move an object from its original position a certain distance without changing the object in any other way.

Transformation: Refers to any of the four changes that can be done to an object geographically. Transformations include, reflections, translations, rotations, and resizing the object.

Reflection: To flip the orientation of an object over a specific line or function.

Rotation: To rotate an object either clockwise or counter clockwise around a center point.

Therefore, the English term that best represents translation is "slide".