Human Anatomy and Physiology : Identifying Reproductive Organs

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Human Anatomy and Physiology

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Identifying Reproductive Organs

What is located on the posterolateral aspect of the testes in the male scrotum?

Possible Answers:

Seminal vesicles 

Bulbourethral gland (Cowper's gland)

Epididymis

Gubernaculum 

Vas deferens 

Correct answer:

Epididymis

Explanation:

The epididymis, which is on the posterolateral aspect of the testes, gives rise to the vas deferens. The vas deferens travels superiorly in the spermatic cord, furthermore joining with the seminal vesicles (located posterior to the urinary bladder). 

The bulbourethral gland is located inferior to the prostate and posteriolateral to the membranous urethra. The gubernaculum (scrotal ligament) is located inferior to each teste, attaching them to the scrotum.

Example Question #2 : Identifying Reproductive Organs

Which of the following ligaments connects the ovary to the abdominal wall?

Possible Answers:

Suspensory ligament

Broad ligament

Gubernaculum 

Ovarian ligament

Round ligament

Correct answer:

Suspensory ligament

Explanation:

The broad ligament connects the utuerus to the abdominal wall. It is comprised of several smaller structures as well, including the ovarian ligament, round ligament, and suspensory ligament. The ovarian ligament connects the ovary to uterus, the round ligament connects the uterus to the labia majora, and the suspensory ligament connects the ovary to the abdominal wall.

The gubernaculum connects the testes to scrotum (in males).

Example Question #3 : Identifying Reproductive Organs

Which statement is true regarding the vesicouterine pouch that is formed by the peritoneum?

Possible Answers:

The vesicouterine pouch lies posterior to the rectouterine pouch in females

The vesicouterine pouch lies posterior to the rectouterine pouch in males

There is no vesicouterine pouch in females or males

The vesicouterine pouch is anterior to the rectouterine pouch in females

The vesicouterine pouch lies anterior to the rectouterine pouch in males

Correct answer:

The vesicouterine pouch is anterior to the rectouterine pouch in females

Explanation:

The vesicouterine pouch is present only in female anatomy. It is located anterior to the rectouterine pouch and lies between the bladder and the uterus, whereas the rectouterine pouch is formed between the uterus and the rectum. 

In males, the pouch formed is the rectovesical pouch, located between the bladder and the rectum. 

Example Question #4 : Identifying Reproductive Organs

Which of the following make up the erectile bodies in the penis?

Possible Answers:

Corpus cavernosum and prostate

Corpus spongiosum and prostate

Corpus spongiosum and tunica albuginea

Corpus spongiosum and corpus cavernosum

Corpus cavernosum and tunica albuginea

Correct answer:

Corpus spongiosum and corpus cavernosum

Explanation:

The erectile bodies consist of the corpus spongiosum and two corpora cavernosa (plural form). The tunica albuginea encloses a corpus cavernosum, but it is not itself an erectile body. The prostate lies posterioinferior to the male bladder and superior to the penis; it is not part of the penis.

Example Question #5 : Identifying Reproductive Organs

What would you find contained in the deep perineal pouch?

Possible Answers:

Internal urethral sphincter, deep transverse muscle, urethra, vagina

Deep transverse perineal muscle, dorsal artery and nerve, penile urethra

Cremaster muscle, dorsal artery and nerve, urethra, vagina

Cremaster muscle, dorsal artery and nerve, penile urethra

Deep transverse perineal muscle, dorsal artery and nerve, urethra, vagina

Correct answer:

Deep transverse perineal muscle, dorsal artery and nerve, urethra, vagina

Explanation:

The deep transverse perineal muscle, dorsal artery and nerve, urethra, and vagina would all be contents of the deep perineal pouch, which would be exposed after removing the perineal membrane. 

The penile urethra is distal to the perineal pouch. The cremaster muscle is located in the testes, distal to the perineal pouch. The internal urethral sphincter is internal in the bladder. 

Example Question #6 : Identifying Reproductive Organs

What pear-shaped organ is supported by ligaments in the pelvic cavity and consists of three layers: endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium?

Possible Answers:

Vagina

Bladder

Prostate

Uterus

Scrotum

Correct answer:

Uterus

Explanation:

The uterus is a hollow, pear-shaped organ in the pelvic cavity that is also referred to as the womb. The wall of the uterus consists of the inner endometrium, which is shed during menstruation, the muscular middle myometrium, and the outer perimetrium. The uterus is supported in the pelvic cavity by several ligaments: two broad, two round, and two uterosacral.

The bladder, also located in the pelvic cavity, has three layers: inner mucous membrane, middle detrusor muscle, and outer visceral peritoneum. The bladder is also supported by numerous ligaments. The prostate is composed of muscle and glandular tissue. The prostate is enclosed in a fibrous capsule containing smooth muscle. The prostate surrounds the neck of the bladder in the male. The vagina, also referred to as the birth canal, is a tube lined with rugae. The adjacent connective tissue permits stretching. The scrotum is a pouch in males containing the testes. The scrotum consists of skin, fascia, and muscle.

Example Question #7 : Identifying Reproductive Organs

The external parts of what structure consist of the shaft, glans, and external urethral meatus?

Possible Answers:

Vulva

Clitoris

Scrotum

Testicles

Penis

Correct answer:

Penis

Explanation:

The shaft of the penis contains erectile vascular bodies. The glans is the head of the penis through which the urethal meatus expels urine and semen.

The testicles are covered by a membrane, the tunica vaginalis. The testicles are contained within the scrotum, which is composed of skin, fascia, and muscle. The vulva is the term used to describe the external female genitalia. The vulva includes the mons pubis, labia, and clitoris, which is an erectile body capped by a glans. 

Example Question #8 : Identifying Reproductive Organs

Which of the following choices is found in the spermatic cord?

Possible Answers:

Tunica vaginalis

Testes

Epididymis

Ductus deferens

Scrotum

Correct answer:

Ductus deferens

Explanation:

The contents of the spermatic cord include the following: ductus deferens, blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves. These features are bundled together to connect the testes to the abdominal cavity. The spermatic cord is sensitive to torsion, in which the testes rotate within its sac and block bloody supply. This can lead to testicular damage within a couple of hours.

Example Question #9 : Identifying Reproductive Organs

The ovarian ligament connects __________.

Possible Answers:

does not connect any of these

the ovary to the urinary bladder

the ovary to the uterus

the ovary to the pelvis 

the ovary to the kidneys

Correct answer:

the ovary to the uterus

Explanation:

The ovarian ligament connects the uterus to the ovary. It is different from the suspensory ligament of the ovary, which binds the ovary to the pelvis. There is no ligament connecting the ovary to the urinary bladder or the kidneys. Adherences between the ovary and these organs would be pathological.

Example Question #10 : Identifying Reproductive Organs

The uterus normally lies __________ to the bladder.

Possible Answers:

anterior

lateral

inferior

posterior 

superior

Correct answer:

posterior 

Explanation:

The uterus is located in the pelvis and is positioned posterior (dorsal) to the bladder and anterior (rostral) to the rectum. The uterus can be divided into four segements: the fundus, corpus, cervix, and internal os. The human uterus is approximately 7.5 cm long and 4.5 cm in width. It is pear shaped. 

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