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All New SAT Writing and Language Resources

3 Diagnostic Tests 39 Practice Tests Question of the Day Flashcards Learn by Concept

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Flashcards: New SAT Writing and Language

The bystander effect occurs when the presence of others affects how an individual responds in an emergency situation. Typically, in large crowds, if there is an emergency, many people assume another person will take responsibility and deal with the situation. Several studies found that people were more likely to take action in a crisis when there were only a few people around than when in larger crowds. Social psychologists Bibb Latané and John Darley introduced the concept of the bystander effect following an infamous incident in New York City in 1964 when a young woman was injured outside of her apartment, and dozens of neighbors failed to step in and help, leading to the woman passing away. Many neighbors heard her pleas for help, but none assumed responsibility to assist. The two factors that can be attributed to the bystander effect are diffusion of responsibility and social influence. Diffusion of responsibility is when the more onlookers are present, the less personal responsibility the individual onlookers assume, therefore, failing to take action. Social influence is when individuals monitor the behavior of those around them to figure out how to react.

At this point the author is considering adding the following graph:

Screen shot 2020 09 29 at 10.58.15 am

Should the author make this addition here?

Yes, because it gives data to support a claim about the bystanders as stated in the passage.

Yes, because it supports the claim that more people intervene than are bystanders.

No, because it does not give information on the bystander effect.

No, because it does not add information directly related to any claim made in the passage and has no support.

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Flashcards: New SAT Writing and Language

At this point the author is considering adding the following graph:

Screen shot 2020 09 29 at 10.58.15 am

Should the author make this addition here?

Your answer:

Yes, because it gives data to support a claim about the bystanders as stated in the passage.

Your answer:

Yes, because it supports the claim that more people intervene than are bystanders.

Your answer:

No, because it does not give information on the bystander effect.

Correct answer:

No, because it does not add information directly related to any claim made in the passage and has no support.

Explanation:

Although this question asks about a graph, it is important to treat it like you would any other question that asks to add information. Paying attention to the reasoning of the questions will help identify the correct choice. The passage discusses the bystander effect but never directly provides any specific percentages or numbers, therefore we would not want to add a graph at this point in the passage. The data provided in the graph is not mentioned at this point in the passage, so the responses of “yes” will be incorrect. The graph does provide information on the bystander effect, so the response, “No because it does not give information on the bystander effect,” will be incorrect, leaving the final response as the best answer.

Flashcards: New SAT Writing and Language

Video games are commonly associated with addictive and potentially violent tendencies in young children. However, there is far more evidence to suggest that video games, in moderation, help children to develop cognitive and social skills.

Additionally

NO CHANGE

Furthermore

Hence

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Flashcards: New SAT Writing and Language

Your answer:

Additionally

Your answer:

Furthermore

Your answer:

Hence

Correct answer:

NO CHANGE

Explanation:

In this example, we’re being tested on meaning and the use of an appropriate transition word to convey a meaning that is logical. In order to do so, we’ll want to look at the relationship between the sentence before the transition word at hand and the sentence that follows. In this case, the fact that “video games are commonly associated with addictive and potentially violent tendencies in young children” seems to contrast with the following sentence suggesting that “there is far more evidence to suggest that video games, in moderation, help children to develop cognitive and social skills.” So, we need a contrast term to address this connection. “Additionally” and “furthermore” both provide a continuation term, which would not be appropriate in this context. “Hence” suggests that what follows is a conclusion based on the earlier sentence, which would also be illogical. In this case, the original construction, “however” is the only option that appropriately expresses the contrast between the perceived negative impacts of video games and the evidence provided about the potential positive factors.

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All New SAT Writing and Language Resources

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Flashcards: New SAT Writing and Language

Flashcards: New SAT Writing and Language

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