High School Math : Understanding Absolute Value

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for High School Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Mathematical Relationships And Basic Graphs

Expression 1: \displaystyle \left | x -3 \right |

Expression 2: \displaystyle \left | x+12 \right |

Find the set of values for \displaystyle x where Expression 1 is greater than Expression 2.

Possible Answers:

All values where \displaystyle x>-9

All values where \displaystyle x< -12

All values where \displaystyle x < -4.5

All real numbers

All values where \displaystyle x < -9

Correct answer:

All values where \displaystyle x < -4.5

Explanation:

In finding the values for \displaystyle x where \displaystyle \left | x -3 \right | > \left |x+12 \right |, break the comparison of these two absolute value expressions into the four possible ways this could potentially be satisfied.

The first possibility is described by the inequality:

\displaystyle x-3 > x+12

If you think of a number line, it is evident that there is no solution to this inequality since there will never be a case where subtracting from \displaystyle x will lead to a greater number than adding to \displaystyle x.

The second possibility, wherein \displaystyle x-3 is negative and converted to its opposite to being an absolute value expression but \displaystyle x+12 is positive and requires no conversion, can be represented by the inequality (where the sign is inverted due to multiplication by a negative):

\displaystyle -(x-3) < x+12

We can simplify this inequality to find that \displaystyle x< -4.5 satisfies the conditions where \displaystyle \left | x -3 \right | > \left |x+12 \right |.

The third possibility can be represented by the following inequality (where the sign is inverted due to multiplication by a negative):

\displaystyle x-3 < -(x+12)

This is again simplified to \displaystyle x< -4.5 and is redundant with the above inequality.

The final possibility is represented by the inequality

\displaystyle -(x-3) > -(x+12)

This inequality simplifies to \displaystyle 3 - x > -12 - x. Rewriting this as \displaystyle - x + 3 > - x -12 makes it evident that this inequality is true of all real numbers. This does not provide any additional conditions on how to satisfy the original inequality.

The only possible condition that satisfies the inequality is that which arises in two of the tested cases, when \displaystyle x < -4.5.

Example Question #11 : Algebra Ii

What is the absolute value of -3? 

Possible Answers:

10

9

-3

1

3

Correct answer:

3

Explanation:

The absolute value is the distance from a given number to 0. In our example, we are given -3. This number is 3 units away from 0, and thus the absolute value of -3 is 3. 

If a number is negative, its absolute value will be the positive number with the same magnitude. If a number is positive, it will be its own absolute value. 

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