SAT II US History : Facts and Details in U.S. Economic History from 1790 to 1898

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for SAT II US History

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Example Questions

Example Question #7 : U.S. Economic History From 1790 To 1898

A Robber Baron of the nineteenth century might have done all of the following exploitive practices to achieve wealth EXCEPT:

Possible Answers:

Paid very low wages

Exerted excessive, self-interested government influence

Supported the workers' right to unionize

Created monopolies in order to raise prices

Obtained unyielding control over necessary resources of the nation

Correct answer:

Supported the workers' right to unionize

Explanation:

A rich and powerful businessman of the 1800s, pejoratively named a Robber Baron, would not have supported the workers' right to unionize as this would have worked against his business interests.

Example Question #8 : U.S. Economic History From 1790 To 1898

The Whiskey Rebellion, or Whiskey Insurrection, which began in 1791 (under the presidency of George Washington), was an often violent protest by farmers against what?

Possible Answers:

Price fixing

Federal taxes

The anticipated prohibition against alcohol

Whiskey purity laws

The drinking age

Correct answer:

Federal taxes

Explanation:

The Whiskey Rebellion was an oftenviolent protest by grain and corn farmers against Federal taxes levied on whiskey intended, primarily, to help pay for the nation's assumed war debt.

Example Question #3 : Facts And Details In U.S. Economic History From 1790 To 1898

The Homestead Acts                   .

Possible Answers:

Displaced Native American communities from territories in the western United States to make room for white settlers

Placed a cap on the number of Northerners who could move to the South in an attempt to placate disillusioned Southern land owners

Offered one-hundred and sixty acres of land to anyone who would commit to living on and working the land for a period not less than five years

Granted to every freed slave the right to forty acres and a mule to help get them started

Established protected Native American territories that could not be legally occupied by white settlers

Correct answer:

Offered one-hundred and sixty acres of land to anyone who would commit to living on and working the land for a period not less than five years

Explanation:

The Homestead Acts, first passed during the Civil War, offered free land grants to anyone who had not previously “taken up arms against the Union.” The land offered generally, although not always, amounted to roughly one-hundred and sixty acres. Between the period of 1862 and 1934, the Federal government granted 1.6 million homesteads to American families (roughly ten-percent of United States land was appropriated) and it was a big motivational factor behind the consistent westward expansion of the American people in that time period. The Homestead Acts were officially repealed in the 1970s. 

Example Question #1 : Facts And Details In U.S. Economic History From 1790 To 1898

The southern plantation system underwent a lot of changes, while still maintaining economic power, throughout much of its existence. Which of the following changes did not create a positive change on the plantations?

Possible Answers:

The introduction of the cotton gin.

Increased prices of tobacco.

Bacon's Rebellion.

Harsh slave codes.

The mercantilist system of the colonies.

Correct answer:

Bacon's Rebellion.

Explanation:

The success of Bacon's Rebellion, in 1676, allowed for the change from indentured servants to slaves as the first major migration of indentured servants became free. The rebellion looted plantations and took over the government for a short period of time, but later led to the increase of African slaves.

Example Question #11 : U.S. Economic History

Named after the luggage many of them tended to carry, these Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War were viewed suspiciously as manipulative and opportunistic by the Southerners.

Possible Answers:

Trunkers

Yankee rucksackers

Carpetbaggers

Suitcasers

Yankeebaggers

Correct answer:

Carpetbaggers

Explanation:

Named for their bags made from old carpets, these Northerners who moved South during the Reconstruction Era for generally financial purposes were derisively known as carpetbaggers.

Example Question #12 : U.S. Economic History

What waterway across New York State, finished in 1825, connected the East Coast and the Midwest?

Possible Answers:

The Bridgewater Canal

The Hudson River

The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal

The Patowmack Canal

The Erie Canal

Correct answer:

The Erie Canal

Explanation:

Finished in 1825, the Erie Canal runs across New York State, connecting the Atlantic Ocean with the Great Lakes.

Example Question #12 : U.S. Economic History

Who is referred to as “The Father of the Factory System”?

Possible Answers:

Eli Whitney

John Walker

Thomas Edison 

Samuel Slater

John D. Rockefeller

Correct answer:

Samuel Slater

Explanation:

Samuel Slater was a British-born industrialist who came to America towards the end of the eighteenth century. He is generally credited with having brought the Industrial Revolution to the United States, in the form of textile factories. 

Example Question #1 : Facts And Details In U.S. Economic History From 1790 To 1898

Who invented the steel plow?

Possible Answers:

John Deere

Thomas Edison

George Pullman

Samuel Colt

Alfred Noble

Correct answer:

John Deere

Explanation:

The steel plow was invented by John Deere in 1837. Deere moved to Illinois and worked as a blacksmith for many years; as the story goes, he was attempting to use a cast-iron plow and found that it was unsuited to the rough soil of Illinois, so he fashioned a steel plow. The importance of the steel plow to the growth of American agriculture, industry, and society would be difficult to overstate. It is generally referred to as the invention that opened up the West. It allowed farmers to work land previously thought untenable and greatly increased individual profits.

Example Question #14 : U.S. Economic History

On May 10th, 1869 in Promontory, Utah, the Union Pacific Railroad Company and Central Pacific Railroad Company met, thereby completing what famous engineering achievement?

Possible Answers:

The American Railroad

The Northwestern Passage

The Promontory Line

The Central-Union Railroad

The Transcontinental Railroad

Correct answer:

The Transcontinental Railroad

Explanation:

The Pacific Railroad Act of 1862 chartered the Union Pacific Railroad Company and the Central Pacific Railroad Company to construct a railroad linking the west with the established eastern railroads.

Example Question #15 : U.S. Economic History

The Erie Canal connected __________.

Possible Answers:

New Orleans with plantations in Georgia and the Carolinas

New York City with Albany

New England's industrial centers with the Mississippi River Valley

the Hudson River in Albany and the Great Lakes at Lake Erie

New York City with Boston

Correct answer:

the Hudson River in Albany and the Great Lakes at Lake Erie

Explanation:

Shortly after the creation of the new country, New York was expanding but faced a geographical problem. Although blessed with a safe, natural harbor, getting supplies to ships at that harbor was difficult, as the Hudson River connected to no other major watersheds. New York Governor DeWitt Clinton helped remedy this by building a canal from the Hudson River to the Great Lakes, cutting across the length of the state. The canal allowed crops and resources from the Midwest to reach the Eastern seaboard through New York Harbor, and New York City quickly became the nation's largest metropolis.

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