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Example Questions
Example Question #1 : Help With Pituitary And Hypothalamus Physiology
Which of the following hormones is created in the hypothalamus, then sent to the pituitary gland?
Oxytocin
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Prolactin
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Oxytocin
The pituitary gland can be further divided into the anterior and posterior pituitary gland. The anterior pituitary gland creates and secretes its hormones, but the posterior pituitary gland does not create its hormones. Instead, the hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland are created in the hypothalamus, and are then sent to the pituitary gland. The two hormones made in the hypothalamus are antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), prolactin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are synthesized and secreted from the anterior pituitary.
Example Question #2 : Help With Pituitary And Hypothalamus Physiology
Which of the following hormones is not produced by the anterior pituitary gland?
Anti-diuretic hormone
Growth hormone
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Prolactin
Luteinizing hormone
Anti-diuretic hormone
The anterior pituitary produces six hormones: follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and thyroid-stimulating hormone.
The posterior pituitary releases only two hormones: anti-diuretic hormone (vasopressin) and oxytocin.
Example Question #3 : Help With Pituitary And Hypothalamus Physiology
Which of the following hormones is not released by the anterior pituitary gland?
Luteinizing hormone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Oxytocin
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Prolactin
Oxytocin
The anterior pituitary gland releases seven hormones. Four of these are tropic hormones, meaning that they act on other glands to stimulate other hormone activity. These four are follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and thyroid-stimulation hormone. The other three secretions are prolactin, endorphins, and growth hormone.
The hormones of the anterior pituitary can be remembered using the mnemonic "FLAT PEG."
Oxytocin is released from the posterior pituitary, along with antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin).
Example Question #1 : Gland Physiology
What gland secretes oxytocin?
Pineal gland
Thyroid gland
Posterior pituitary gland
Anterior pituitary gland
Posterior pituitary gland
Oxytocin is a hormone found in both males and females, but serves a more widely recognized role in females. It is released from the posterior pituitary gland, along with antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) hormone. Oxytocin is responsible for stimulating contractions during childbirth and is one of only a few hormones to be controlled via positive feedback.
Example Question #1 : Gland Physiology
The pituitary gland is under control of the __________.
thalamus
cerebellum
adrenal gland
hypothalamus
thyroid
hypothalamus
The pituitary gland is under the control of the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus determines which and how much of each hormone the pituitary will release by secreting releasing and/or inhibiting factors. The pituitary gland is connected to the base of the hypothalamus by the pituitary stalk.
Example Question #2 : Gland Physiology
Antidiuretic hormone is produced by the __________ and released by the __________.
neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary) . . . neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary)
hypothalamus . . . neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary)
neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary) . . . adrenal medulla
hypothalamus . . . adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary)
adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary) . . . adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary)
hypothalamus . . . neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary)
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is a hormone that is produced in the hypothalamus and travels down nerve ending from the hypothalamus to be released from the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis). ADH is the hormone that is responsible for reabsorbing water back into the blood stream at the level of the kidney.
Example Question #2 : Gland Physiology
Which of the following hormones is not produced by the anterior pituitary?
Growth hormone
Oxytocin
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Oxytocin
The anterior pituitary produces seven products : follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin, endorphins, and growth hormone (GH). The posterior pituitary produces oxytocin and anti diuretic hormone (ADH). To remember the anterior pituitary products, think of the mnemonic FLAT PEG:
FSH
LH
ACTH
TSH
Prolactin
Endorphins
GH
Example Question #41 : Endocrine Physiology
Which of the following hormones is secreted from the ovary?
Estrogen
Progesterone
Testosterone
More than one of these answers
None of these answers
More than one of these answers
The ovaries secrete estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone.
Example Question #3 : Gland Physiology
Which of the following glands would be most active in a person with low blood calcium levels?
Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid gland
Thymus gland
Pancreas
Parathyroid gland
In accordance with negative feedback and homeostasis, low blood calcium levels will cause the body to release a hormone in order to raise calcium levels. Parathyroid hormone is a hormone that acts to raise blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity, releasing stored calcium from bone into the blood. The parathyroid gland would be most active during low blood calcium in order to initiate this effect.
The thyroid gland is involved in raising blood calcium levels (calcitonin) and mediating metabolism (T3 and T4). The pancreas moderates blood glucose levels (insulin and glucagon). The pituitary gland is associated with several processes, including stimulation of other endocrine glands, but is not linked to parathyroid activity. The thymus is located superior to the heart and is the location of maturation for T-lymphocytes; it also secretes certain hormones that affect immune system maintenance and development.
Example Question #2 : Help With Thyroid And Parathyroid Physiology
Which hormone increases blood calcium levels?
Parathyroid hormone
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Aldosterone
Calcitonin
Parathyroid hormone
When blood calcium levels are low, parathyroid hormone is released to increase calcium reabsorption of the kidneys and to stimulate osteoclasts, which are responsible for bone resorption. These processes serve to increase blood calcium levels.
Parathyroid hormone is an antagonist to calcitonin, which is released from the thryoid gland and increases blood calcium levels.
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