SAT Math : How to multiply negative numbers

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for SAT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #2 : How To Add / Subtract / Multiply / Divide Negative Numbers

If \(\displaystyle ab\) is a positive number, and \(\displaystyle -3b\) is also a positive number, what is a possible value for \(\displaystyle a\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -1\)

\(\displaystyle 0\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle 2\)

\(\displaystyle 1\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle -1\)

Explanation:

Because \dpi{100} \small -3b\(\displaystyle \dpi{100} \small -3b\) is positive, \dpi{100} \small b\(\displaystyle \dpi{100} \small b\) must be negative since the product of two negative numbers is positive.

Because \dpi{100} \small ab\(\displaystyle \dpi{100} \small ab\) is also positive, \dpi{100} \small a\(\displaystyle \dpi{100} \small a\) must also be negative in order to produce a prositive product.

To check you answer, you can try plugging in any negative number for \dpi{100} \small a\(\displaystyle \dpi{100} \small a\).

Example Question #3 : Negative Numbers

Multiply the following negative numbers: \(\displaystyle (-4)\cdot(-6)\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 10\)

\(\displaystyle -24\)

\(\displaystyle 24\)

\(\displaystyle -2\)

\(\displaystyle 2\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 24\)

Explanation:

When two negative numbers are multiplied by each other, the result is a positive number.

When a negative and a nonnegative number are multiplied with each other, the result is a negative number.

Therefore, since \(\displaystyle -6\) and \(\displaystyle -4\) are negative numbers, the product must be positive.

Therefore, the answer is positive \(\displaystyle 24\).

Example Question #1 : How To Multiply Negative Numbers

Multiply:  \(\displaystyle (-3)(-6\times3)(-3+2)\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -270\)

\(\displaystyle -54\)

\(\displaystyle 972\)

\(\displaystyle 270\)

\(\displaystyle 54\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle -54\)

Explanation:

Simplify the expression term by term.

\(\displaystyle (-3)(-6\times3)(-3+2) = (-3)(-18)(-1)\)

A negative number multiplied by a negative number gives a positive number.

A negative number multiplied by a positive number gives a negative number.

\(\displaystyle (-3)(-18)(-1)= 54(-1)=-54\)

Example Question #3 : Negative Numbers

Multiply:  \(\displaystyle -9 \cdot -3 \cdot -2\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 54\)

\(\displaystyle 15\)

\(\displaystyle -27\)

\(\displaystyle -54\)

\(\displaystyle 27\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle -54\)

Explanation:

Multiply the first two terms.  A negative number times another negative will result in a positive number.

\(\displaystyle -9 \cdot -3 = 27\)

Multiply 27 with negative 2.  A positive number times a negative number will result in a negative number.

\(\displaystyle 27\cdot -2 = -54\)

The answer is:  \(\displaystyle -54\)

Example Question #2 : How To Multiply Negative Numbers

Solve the following equation:

\(\displaystyle \frac{-10-8}{2-11}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -2\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle 2\)

\(\displaystyle 4\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 2\)

Explanation:

\(\displaystyle \frac{-10-8}{2-11}=\frac{-18}{-9}\)

If there are two negative signs, then the answer will be positive. If there were only one negative sign, the answer will be negative. 

\(\displaystyle \frac{-18}{-9}=2\)

Example Question #2 : How To Multiply Negative Numbers

Simplify the following expression:

\(\displaystyle (-7)^3\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 343\)

\(\displaystyle -317\)

\(\displaystyle 49\)

\(\displaystyle -343\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle -343\)

Explanation:

Simplify the following expression:

\(\displaystyle (-7)^3\)

Let's begin by expanding the inside of the parentheses.

\(\displaystyle -7*-7*-7=49*-7=-343\)

Now, it is important to use all three negative signs. The first two will cancel out, but the third one will remain, ensuring our final answer will be negative.

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