AP Calculus AB : Comparing relative magnitudes of functions and their rates of change

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Calculus AB

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Comparing Relative Magnitudes Of Functions And Their Rates Of Change

Evaluate the definite integral of the algebraic function. 

integral (x+ √(x))dx from 0 to 1 

Possible Answers:

0

5/12

1

10/12

11/12

Correct answer:

11/12

Explanation:

Step 1: Rewrite the problem.

integral (x3+x1/2) dx from 0 to 1 

Step 2: Integrate 

x4/4 + 2x(2/3)/3 from 0 to 1

Step 3: Plug in bounds and solve. 

[14/4 + 2(1)(2/3)/3] – [04/4 + 2(0)(2/3)/3] = (1/4) + (2/3) = (3/12) + (8/12) = 11/12

Example Question #1 : Comparing Relative Magnitudes Of Functions And Their Rates Of Change

Evaluate the integral.

Integral from 1 to 2 of (1/x3) dx

Possible Answers:

1/2

0

–3/8

3/8

–5/8

Correct answer:

3/8

Explanation:

Integral from 1 to 2 of (1/x3) dx

Integral from 1 to 2 of (x-3) dx

Integrate the integral. 

 from 1 to 2 of (x–2/-2)  

(2–2/–2) – (1–2/–2) = (–1/8) – (–1/2)=(3/8)

Example Question #21 : Asymptotic And Unbounded Behavior

Evaluate the following indefinite integral.

\(\displaystyle \int 4 dx\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 4x+C\)

\(\displaystyle 4x^2\)

\(\displaystyle 0\)

\(\displaystyle 4x\)

\(\displaystyle x+C\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 4x+C\)

Explanation:

In order to evaluate the indefinite integral, ask yourself, "what expression do I differentiate to get 4".  Next, use the power rule and increase the power of \(\displaystyle x\) by 1. To start, we have \(\displaystyle 4x^{0}\), so in the answer we have \(\displaystyle 4x^{1}\).  Next add a constant that would be lost in the differentiation.  To check your work, differentiate your answer and see that it matches "4".

Example Question #22 : Asymptotic And Unbounded Behavior

Evaluate the following indefinite integral.

\(\displaystyle \int (x^3 - x^2 + 3)dx\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle x^4-x^3+3x+C\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}x^4-\frac{1}{3}x^3+3x+C\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}x^2-x+3+C\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}x^4-\frac{1}{3}x^3+3x\)

\(\displaystyle 4x^4-3x^3+3x+C\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}x^4-\frac{1}{3}x^3+3x+C\)

Explanation:

Use the inverse Power Rule to evaluate the integral.  We know that \(\displaystyle \int x^n dx= \frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1}+C\) for \(\displaystyle n \ne -1\).  We see that this rule tells us to increase the power of \(\displaystyle x\) by 1 and multiply by \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{n+1}\).  Next always add your constant of integration that would be lost in the differentiation.  Take the derivative of your answer to check your work.

Example Question #241 : Ap Calculus Ab

Evaluate the following indefinite integral.

\(\displaystyle \int (4x^7+x^4+x)dx\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle {2}x^8+{5}x^5+{2}x^2+C\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}x^8+\frac{1}{5}x^4+\frac{1}{2}x^2\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}x^8+\frac{1}{5}x^5+\frac{1}{2}x^2+C\)

\(\displaystyle x^8+x^5+x^2+C\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{7}x^7+\frac{1}{4}x^4+x+C\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}x^8+\frac{1}{5}x^5+\frac{1}{2}x^2+C\)

Explanation:

Use the inverse Power Rule to evaluate the integral.  We know that \(\displaystyle \int x^n dx= \frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1}+C\) for \(\displaystyle n \ne -1\).  We see that this rule tells us to increase the power of \(\displaystyle x\) by 1 and multiply by \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{n+1}\).  Next always add your constant of integration that would be lost in the differentiation.  Take the derivative of your answer to check your work.

Example Question #242 : Ap Calculus Ab

Evaluate the following indefinite integral.

\(\displaystyle \int 3y dy\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}y^2+C\)

\(\displaystyle 3y+C\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{3}{2}y^2+C\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}y^2+C\)

\(\displaystyle 3y^2+C\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{3}{2}y^2+C\)

Explanation:

Use the inverse Power Rule to evaluate the integral.  Firstly, constants can be taken out of integrals, so we pull the 3 out front.  Next, according to the inverse power rule, we know that \(\displaystyle \int x^n dx= \frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1}+C\) for \(\displaystyle n \ne -1\).  We see that this rule tells us to increase the power of \(\displaystyle x\) by 1 and multiply by \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{n+1}\). Next always add your constant of integration that would be lost in the differentiation.  Take the derivative of your answer to check your work.

Example Question #243 : Ap Calculus Ab

Evaluate the following indefinite integral.

\(\displaystyle \int (x-2x^3+1)dx\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 2x^2-4x^4+x+C\)

\(\displaystyle 2x^2-2x^4+x+C\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}x^2+\frac{1}{2}x^4+x+C\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}x^2-\frac{1}{2}x^4+x+C\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}x^3-\frac{3}{2}x^2+C\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}x^2-\frac{1}{2}x^4+x+C\)

Explanation:

Use the inverse Power Rule to evaluate the integral.  We know that \(\displaystyle \int x^n dx= \frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1}+C\) for \(\displaystyle n \ne -1\).  We see that this rule tells us to increase the power of \(\displaystyle x\) by 1 and multiply by \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{n+1}\).  Next always add your constant of integration that would be lost in the differentiation.  Take the derivative of your answer to check your work.

Example Question #244 : Ap Calculus Ab

Evaluate the following indefinite integral.

\(\displaystyle \int (1-x)dx\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle x-x^2+C\)

\(\displaystyle x-\frac{1}{2}x^2+C\)

\(\displaystyle x+\frac{1}{2}x^2+C\)

\(\displaystyle x+x^2+C\)

\(\displaystyle x+2x^2+C\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle x-\frac{1}{2}x^2+C\)

Explanation:

Use the inverse Power Rule to evaluate the integral.  We know that \(\displaystyle \int x^n dx= \frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1}+C\) for \(\displaystyle n \ne -1\).  We see that this rule tells us to increase the power of \(\displaystyle x\) by 1 and multiply by \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{n+1}\)  Next always add your constant of integration that would be lost in the differentiation.  Take the derivative of your answer to check your work.

Example Question #1 : Comparing Relative Magnitudes Of Functions And Their Rates Of Change

Evaluate the following indefinite integral.

\(\displaystyle \int \frac{1}{2}xdx\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 4x^2+C\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}x^2+C\)

\(\displaystyle 2x^2+C\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}x^2+C\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}x+C\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}x^2+C\)

Explanation:

Use the inverse Power Rule to evaluate the integral.  Firstly, constants can be taken out of the integral, so we pull the 1/2 out front and then complete the integration according to the rule. We know that \(\displaystyle \int x^n dx= \frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1}+C\) for \(\displaystyle n \ne -1\).  We see that this rule tells us to increase the power of \(\displaystyle x\) by 1 and multiply by \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{n+1}\).  Next always add your constant of integration that would be lost in the differentiation.  Take the derivative of your answer to check your work.

Example Question #1 : Comparing Relative Magnitudes Of Functions And Their Rates Of Change

Evaluate the following indefinite integral.

\(\displaystyle \int \frac{1}{x}dx\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle e^x+C\)

\(\displaystyle 1+C\)

\(\displaystyle x+C\)

\(\displaystyle 1\)

\(\displaystyle ln|x|+C\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle ln|x|+C\)

Explanation:

Use the inverse Power Rule to evaluate the integral.  We know that \(\displaystyle \int x^n dx= \frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1}+C\) for \(\displaystyle n \ne -1\). But, in this case, \(\displaystyle n\) IS equal to \(\displaystyle -1\) so a special condition of the rule applies.  We must instead use \(\displaystyle \int x^{-1}dx=ln|x|+C\).  Evaluate accordingly.  Next always add your constant of integration that would be lost in the differentiation.  Take the derivative of your answer to check your work.

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