CPA Financial Accounting and Reporting (FAR) : Current Assets

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for CPA Financial Accounting and Reporting (FAR)

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Inventory Costing Methods

A company has two pieces of Inventory, A and B. Inventory A cost the company $40 per unit and can now be sold for $60 per unit after incurring $15 in selling expenses per unit. It has a replacement cost of $35 per unit and a normal profit of $4 per unit. Inventory B cost the company $52 per unit and can now be sold for $63 per unit after incurring $15 in selling expenses per unit. It has a replacement cost of $55 per unit and a normal profit of $4 per unit. If the company uses the retail method to value its inventory, how much should be reported on the balance sheet for these items?

Possible Answers:

$89

$88

$90

$86

Correct answer:

$88

Explanation:

The inventory should be reported at the lower of cost or market, subject to a ceiling and floor. Replacement cost is used unless it is higher than the ceiling or lower than the floor. For Item A, the ceiling value is $45 ($60 selling price - $15 selling expenses). The floor value is $41 ($45 - $4 profit margin). The historical cost of Item A is lower and thus is used in inventory valuation. For Item B, the ceiling value is $48 (sales price of $63 - $15 selling expenses). The floor value is $44 ($48 - $4 profit margin). Replacement cost is used because it isn't above the ceiling for Item B.

Example Question #2 : Inventory Costing Methods

A company counts its inventory and arrives at a total of $167,000. The company fears that some merchandise has been stolen and seeks to estimate the amount of the loss. Sales for the period were $600,000. Gross profit is set by the company at a standard 40% of the sales price. According to ledger balances, inventory on the first day of the year was $150,000 and purchases of $390,000 were made during the period. How much theft has occurred?

Possible Answers:

$18,000

$10,000

$15,000

$13,000

Correct answer:

$13,000

Explanation:

If gross profit is 40%, COGS is 60%, meaning that the sales of $600K had a cost of $360K ($600K x 60%). Ending inventory should be $150K beginning inventory plus purchases of $390K minus sales of $360K, for correct ending inventory of $180K. The inventory count only found $167K, for a difference of $13K.

Example Question #3 : Inventory Costing Methods

A company buys 100 units of inventory for $20 each. Later, 90 of these units are sold on credit for $50 each. The company then buys an additional 40 units but the cost has risen to $22 each. The company sells a final 30 units for $55 each. The company uses a moving average system for calculating its cost of goods sold. What should be reported as the cost of the 120 units sold during the year?

Possible Answers:

$2,592

$2,468

$2,538

$2,448

Correct answer:

$2,448

Explanation:

The moving average cost of inventory is calculated by recalculating the average cost each time a sale is made. When 90 units are sold, the average cost is $20 per unit. After the second purchase, the remaining units have a total cost of $1,080 (10 x $20 + 40 x $22) and the average cost is $21.6 ($1,080/50 units). The total cost of the sold units is $21.6 x 30 + $20 x 90.

Example Question #1 : Inventory Costing Methods

Of the following, which is not a legitimate method of inventory costing?

Possible Answers:

Dollar value LIFO

Discounted Method

FIFO

Weighted Average

Correct answer:

Discounted Method

Explanation:

There is no such concept of a Discounted Method in inventory valuation.

Example Question #1 : Current Assets

On July 1, Year 10, Cabaret Corporation factored $80,000 of its accounts receivable without recourse to Playtime Company. Playtime retains 10% of the accounts receivable as an allowance for sales returns and charges a 5% commission on the gross amount of factored receivables. How much cash did Cabaret receive from factoring its receivables?

Possible Answers:

$76,000

$68,000

$72,000

$80,000

Correct answer:

$68,000

Explanation:

A total of 15% was held back by Playtime (10% for the allowance and 5% for the commission). Therefore, Cabaret received $80K x 85% (100% - 15%) = $68K.

Example Question #2 : Current Assets

Which of the following situations is most likely to be treated as a sale of accounts receivables?

Possible Answers:

Pledging receivables in exchange for a loan

Factoring without recourse in exchange for cash

Factoring with recourse in exchange for cash

Discounting a note from a customer at a local bank

Correct answer:

Factoring without recourse in exchange for cash

Explanation:

Factoring without recourse means that the original owner of the receivable has no responsibility should the customer never pay. This effectively means the the receivable has been sold.

Example Question #3 : Current Assets

Walnut Company received from a customer an 1-year, $200,000 note bearing annual interest of 8%. After holding the note for 8 months, Walnut discounted the note at a local bank at an effective rate of 12%. What is the maturity value of the note?

Possible Answers:

$216,000

$169,500

$200,000

$226,000

Correct answer:

$216,000

Explanation:

The maturity value of the note is the principal of $200K plus the interest due of $16K ($200K x 8%).

Example Question #4 : Current Assets

Of the following, which is a method of estimating uncollectible accounts that emphasizes asset valuation rather than income measurement?

Possible Answers:

Expense Method

Gross sales

Income Method

Allowance method based on A/R aging

Correct answer:

Allowance method based on A/R aging

Explanation:

Aging receivables focuses on the balance sheet and emphasizes assets. It results in a good matching of revenue and expenses.

Example Question #1 : Current Assets

Turblad Company has several items in its safe at December 31, Year 1. Which of these items would not be included in Turblad's cash & cash equivalents in its Year 1 balance sheet?

Possible Answers:

A certificate of stock with a market value $100 per share, which is classified as an investment security

A check written to Turnblad for $1,200 from a customer, that has not yet been deposited

A note receivable signed by a loyal customer which matures in March of Year 3

A treasury bill for $5,000 that matures in January of Year 2

Correct answer:

A treasury bill for $5,000 that matures in January of Year 2

Explanation:

A treasury bill would be considered an investment, not cash or a cash equivalent.

Example Question #2 : Current Assets

Globe Company began April of Year 3 with a cash balance of $68,000 in its operating account. During the month of April, Globe issued new checks totaling $14,000 to vendors. Of these newly issued checks, $9,000 cleared the bank in April. Globe also transferred $8,000 to its payroll account to pay employees during the month. Globe received $22,000 in checks from its customers in April and deposited $18,000 of those checks during the month. Also during April $6,000 of checks issued during March of Year 3 cleared the bank. What is Globe's cash balance in its operating account at the end of April, Year 3?

Possible Answers:

$64,000

$68,000

$59,000

$55,000

Correct answer:

$64,000

Explanation:

Globe's adjusted cash balance is calculated by taking the beginning balance of $68K - $14K for newly issued checks - $8K transferred to payroll + $18K deposited checks. It is irrelevant when Globe's issued checks actually cleared the bank.

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