SAT II World History : The Industrial Revolution
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Example Questions
Example Question #1 : The Industrial Revolution
Which of the following was a consequence of industrialization in Europe?
The transition from socialist to capitalist economies
The transition from capitalist to agricultural economies
A decline of women in the workforce
The transition from engine-powered to wind-powered naval vessels
The transition from agricultural to capitalist economies
The transition from agricultural to capitalist economies
As a result of the Industrial Revolution, European societies in particular shifted toward capitalism and away from agricultural/rural economies.
Socialism developed as a reaction to industrialization, so the answer choice "The transition from capitalist to socialist economies" is incorrect.
The answer choice "The transition from engine-powered to wind-powered naval vessels" is incorrect because the transition went in the opposite direction.
Finally, the answer choice "A decline of women in the workforce" is incorrect because the Industrial Revolution actually led to an increase of women in the workforce, who were often employed as factory workers.
Example Question #2 : The Industrial Revolution
The name given to the working class by Karl Marx is __________.
the third estate
the plebeians
the proletariat
the chosen ones
the bourgeoisie
the proletariat
Karl Marx, along with Frederick Engels, wrote The Communist Manifesto, which was published in 1848. For many centuries, some communities had experimented with communal living, but it was not until Marx and Engels published their seminal work that communism and socialism had distinct definition. Karl Marx called the middle class the bourgeoisie and the working class the proletariat.
Example Question #3 : The Industrial Revolution
Who invented the steamboat?
William Gladstone
Robert Fulton
Benjamin Disraeli
Eli Whitney
James Watt
Robert Fulton
The steamboat was invented by Robert Fulton at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Fulton's steamboat was fashioned using the steam engine, which had recently been invented by James Watt. Eli Whitney is the man who invented the cotton gin and in so doing revolutionized the economy of the Antebellum South. His invention encouraged the use of slave labor and had lasting ramifications for the social, economic, and political makeup of the United States. William Gladstone and Benjamin Disraeli were rival politicians in Britain during the Industrial Revolution who each served as Prime Minister.
Example Question #4 : The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution began in __________.
England
Russia
the United States
France
Japan
England
The Industrial Revolution occurred from about 1770 to 1850 (depending on which historian you ask). The Industrial Revolution is so named for the changes to industry that occurred during that time, most notably the change from handmade production to machinery-based production. The Industrial Revolution began in England in the later decades of the eighteenth century and rapidly spread to Europe, the United States, and around the world.
Example Question #5 : The Industrial Revolution
Which of the following individuals is credited with building the world’s first railroad which used a steam locomotive?
James Watt
William Pitt
Robert Peel
George Stephenson
Robert Fulton
George Stephenson
George Stephenson built the world’s first inter-city railway line. The steam locomotive line was built between two major cities of industrial power in early Victorian-era England, Manchester and Liverpool. Robert Fulton is the person credited with inventing the steamboat; James Watt is credited with the invention of the steam engine, and Robert Peel and William Pitt were Prime Ministers of England.
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